Effects of ingestion of manufactured nanoparticles on endogenous microbiota and pathogen resistance in rainbow trout

PI：亨利，西奥多B。 提案编号：1435874机构：田纳西大学农学院 职务名称：摄入制造的纳米颗粒对虹鳟鱼内源性微生物群和病原体抗性的影响本提案的目的是了解肠道微生物群落中诱导的变化和纳米颗粒（NPs）对宿主反应的影响。总体假设是，摄入纳米材料，特别是具有抗菌特性的纳米材料，将改变鳟鱼的微生物组（共享身体空间的微生物群落），导致不良健康后果。研究人员计划研究NP挑战引起的微生物组变化，假设这些变化将导致免疫抑制和病原体感染机会增加。将通过细菌病原体挑战来检验该假设。这项研究的结果将为NP对肠道微生物组的影响提供新的见解，这不仅与鳟鱼有关，而且与人类和其他生物体也有关，因为这些基本的宿主-微生物组相互作用在所有脊椎动物中都是保守的。从拟议的调查中获得的数据也有助于行业和监管机构，因为行业制定了毒性较低的新NP，或监管机构希望减少人类和野生动物对NP的暴露。该提案包括对研究生和本科生的出色宣传和培训，以及高中生参与研究。研究结果可能会指导监管机构。使用的模型将是环境相关和商业上重要的虹鳟鱼，虹鳟鱼。研究人员将使用高通量测序来了解微生物组的变化，具体而言，膳食暴露于NP的影响将通过微生物群落的全球基因组测序和针对特定微生物物种的定量PCR来确定。将在处理之间和随时间推移评价特定微生物丰度的变化。在同一条鱼中，将进行基因表达谱分析，以鉴定响应微生物群落组成变化的生物标志物基因。将选择NP处理的一个子集，对随后将暴露于Y的鱼类进行长期暴露。Ruckeri和该细菌挑战的结果进行评价。

PI: Henry, Theodore B. Proposal Number: 1435874Institution: University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture Title: Effects of ingestion of manufactured nanoparticles on endogenous microbiota and pathogen resistance in rainbow troutThe objective of this proposal is to understand changes induced in the gut microbial community and on the host responses by nanoparticles (NPs). The overall hypothesis is that ingestion of nanomaterials, especially those that have anti-microbial properties, will change the microbiome (the community of microorganisms that share the body space) of trout resulting in adverse health outcomes. The investigators plan to investigate the changes in the microbiome resulting from the NP challenges, hypothesizing that these changes would lead to immunosuppression and increased opportunity for pathogen infection. The hypothesis will be tested with a bacterial pathogen challenge. The results of this investigation will provide new insights into the impact of NPs on the gut microbiome, which will have relevance not just for trout, but for humans and other organisms as well, since these fundamental host-microbiome interactions are conserved across all vertebrates. The data obtained from the proposed investigations can also be helpful for both industry and regulators as industry formulates new NPs with lower toxicity or regulators look to reduce exposure of humans and wildlife to NPs. The proposal includes excellent outreach and training of graduate and undergraduate students, as well as the involvement of high school students, in research. The research results can potentially guide regulatory agencies.The model used will be the environmentally relevant and commercially significant rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss. The investigators will use high throughput sequencing to understand the changes in the microbiome, specifically, the effects of dietary exposure to NPs will be determined by global genomic sequencing of the microbial communities and quantitative PCR to target specific microbial species. Changes in abundance of the specific microbes will be evaluated among treatments and over time. In the same fish, gene expression profiling will be conducted to identify biomarker genes that respond to alterations in the microbial community composition. A subset of NP treatments will be selected to conduct longer-term exposure in fish that will subsequently be exposed to Y. ruckeri and the outcome of this bacterial challenge will be evaluated.