SAVI: Yeast Chromosome (Sc2.0) Synthesis and Analysis

该SAVI的目标是创建一个“虚拟研究所”，支持整个真核基因组的合成。编写一个完整的真核基因组仍然令人望而生畏，超出了任何一个实验室已经证实的DNA合成能力。与人类基因组计划类似，这些最初的努力将需要许多独立中心的协调活动。这项提议将建立研究协调基础设施，以便能够在5年内在跨越美国、亚洲和欧洲的地点，在从四年制文理学院到主要研究机构的机构中完成酿酒酵母基因组的完整合成，从而激发世界各地本科生、研究员、教职员工的想象力。这项SAVI计划的具体目标是巩固约翰·霍普金斯大学、马里兰洛约拉大学的研究人员与中国、印度和欧洲的国际合作伙伴之间的现有合作。单个染色体合成的战略外包保证了在美国和国际参与伙伴和资助机构的杠杆资金和资源的情况下，整个酵母基因组在五年内完成。更广泛的影响-SAVI项目的更广泛影响是首次能够提出和回答关于染色体的基本属性、基因组组织、基因内容、RNA剪接的功能、原核生物和真核生物之间的区别以及基因组和进化的许多其他方面的深入问题。“合成酵母”将在实际应用中发挥重要作用，从集中解决生物学问题的试验台到未来合成生物学项目的底盘。值得注意的是，酵母是用于工业发酵的卓越生物，具有广泛的实际用途，包括从农产品和副产品中生产乙醇。作为行业外唯一的此类努力，该项目提供了一项独特且非常重要的服务，通过开放源码获得所有试剂和协议，使合成生物学领域的知识公开，而不受知识产权限制。SAVI的这一努力在培训基因组规模合成生物学的研究人员方面也是独一无二的。约翰霍普金斯大学开发并实施了一门创新的“构建基因组”课程，后来在洛约拉大学开设了这门课程。马里兰州的两所大学和中国的两所大学。SAVI模仿奖还将为学生、博士后和研究人员提供多学科培训的机会，并将鼓励国际交流。该奖项被指定为跨虚拟机构(SAVI)科学奖，由NSF生物科学局、工程局和国际科学与工程办公室共同资助。

The objective of this SAVI is to create a "Virtual Institute" that will support the synthesis of an entire eukaryotic genome. Writing a complete eukaryotic genome remains daunting and beyond the proven DNA synthesis capabilities of any individual lab. In analogy to the Human Genome Project, these first efforts will require the coordinated activities of many individual centers. This proposal will put in place the research coordination infrastructure to enable the complete synthesis of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae genome within 5 years at sites spanning the USA, Asia, and Europe, at institutions ranging from four-year liberal arts colleges to major research institutions, thereby capturing the imagination of undergraduate students, fellows, staff and faculty members worldwide.The specific objectives of this SAVI initiative are to solidify current collaborations between researchers at Johns Hopkins University, Loyola University of Maryland, and international partners in China, India and Europe. The strategic outsourcing of the synthesis of individual chromosomes guarantees that the entire yeast genome is completed within a five-year period with leveraged funds and resources from the US and international participating partners and funding agencies. Broader Impacts - The broader impacts of this SAVI project are the first-ever ability to ask and answer deep questions about fundamental properties of chromosomes, genome organization, gene content, the function of RNA splicing, the distinction between prokaryotes and eukaryotes, and numerous other aspects of genomes and evolution. The "synthetic yeast" will play an important role in practical applications, ranging from a test-bed for focused biological problems to a chassis for future synthetic biology projects. Notably, yeast is the preeminent organism used for industrial fermentations, with a wide variety of practical uses, including ethanol production from agricultural products and by-products. As the only effort of its kind outside industry, this project provides a unique and very important service in keeping the knowledge in the Synthetic Biology field public through open source availability of all reagents and protocols without intellectual property restrictions. This SAVI effort is unique also in training researchers in genome-scale synthetic Biology. An innovative "Build A Genome" course was developed and implemented at Johns Hopkins University, which has since been offered at Loyola Univ. of Maryland, and two universities in China. The SAVI imitative will also offer opportunities for multi-disciplinary training of students, postdocs, and researchers, and will encourage international exchange.This award is designated as a Science Across Virtual Institutes (SAVI) award and is being co-funded by NSF's Directorate for Biological Sciences, Directorate for Engineering, and Office of International Science and Engineering.