CyberSEES: Type 1: Preserving the Privacy of Life Cycle Inventory Data in Distributed Provenance Networks

生命周期评估用于评估产品和消费选择对环境的影响，需要关于工业过程的大量私人数据。该项目将解决如何在不要求披露机密数据的情况下提出和评估关于产品环境性能的声明的问题。首先，将从数据来源和科学工作流程发布的角度阐述与生命周期评估相关的数据隐私需求。然后，该项目将开发执行生命周期评估计算的方法，以保护输入数据的隐私，同时还能够对结果进行验证和有意义的解释。技术将来自数据匿名化、安全多方计算和同态加密。这项工作将考虑在合作者之间共享私人结果和向公共查询提供结果这两种情况。这项工作将导致开发安全方案，以解决此类计算中使用的私人数据面临的威胁；在隐私限制下执行生命周期评估计算的算法；以及数据匿名策略，以满足数据提供商的要求？隐私要求。特别是在政策领域，但在普通公众中，从生命周期的角度验证关于环境绩效的声明越来越重要。生命周期评估使工业行为者能够改善环境绩效，并显示出为可持续性治理提供信息的希望。拟议的研究将有助于使关于数据隐私的讨论常态化，目的是促进利益攸关方之间更透明的信息交流。反过来，这可以使数据提供商能够更好地维护自己的库存信息，从而有可能提高生命周期库存数据的可用性和质量。将隐私保护计算方案应用于环境信息学，有可能为企业提供新的操作知识，以指导可持续发展决策。

Life cycle assessment, used to estimate the environmental impacts of products and consumption choices, requires extensive private data about industrial processes. This project will address the question of how claims about the environmental performance of products can be made and evaluated without requiring disclosure of confidential data. First, the data privacy needs associated with life cycle assessment will be articulated in terms of data provenance and scientific workflow publishing. The project will then develop methods for performing life cycle assessment computations that preserve the privacy of input data, while also enabling validation and meaningful interpretation of results. Techniques will be drawn from data anonymization, secure multi-party computation, and homomorphic encryption. The work will consider both scenarios in which private results are shared among collaborators and in which results are made available for public queries. The work will lead to the development of security schemes to address threats to private data used in such computations; algorithms for performing life cycle assessment computations under privacy restrictions; and data anonymization strategies for publication satisfying data providers? privacy requirements.Particularly in the policy arena, but also among the general public, validation of claims about environmental performance in a life cycle perspective is increasingly important. Life cycle assessment enables industrial actors to improve environmental performance and it shows promise for informing sustainability governance. The proposed research will help to normalize the discussion of data privacy, with the intent of fostering a more transparent exchange of information among stakeholders. In turn, this could empower data providers to better maintain their own inventory information, potentially leading to greater availability and quality of life cycle inventory data. The application of privacy preserving computation schemes to environmental informatics has potential to provide businesses with new operational knowledge to guide decision making on sustainability.