EAGER: Citation++: Data Citation, Provenance, and Documentation

在过去的400年里，大多数科学进步不仅仅来自于研究人员的独立工作，而是来自于一个学者群体的合作和竞争，以追求共同的目标。 这个社区的关键组成部分是建立在学术引用，它把孤立的作品变成一个可以导航和挖掘的学术网络。 几个世纪以来，这种学术努力的成果是书面出版物。 随着数字时代的到来，新形式的学术产出，如数据收集和数字出版物已经变得司空见惯。不幸的是，引用和归属的做法一直是书面出版物的支柱是不够的，这个新的数字世界。 数字数据的引用需要比对项目位置的引用更具描述性;它需要描述数据是什么，它来自哪里，以及它是如何产生的。这项研究将产生新的技术，工具和扩展引用服务的演示，使用数据出处，一个对象如何以其当前形式出现的正式记录。这种扩展的引文服务将促进研究复制和归属等活动。这项工作中开发的支持出处的数据引文系统将嵌入现有的数据平台（特别是Dataverse），并作为一项独立的服务。 该系统解决了以下一组特定的数据引用挑战：它直接包括有限但重要的工具集的可执行转换：R和SQL。 对于其他工具，它提供了标准化的文档功能来描述转换。 该系统非常灵活，既可以作为发布工作流程的一部分，其中数据是更传统的发布的一部分，也可以支持独立的发布。 它还提供数据摘要。

Most of the advances in science in the last 400 years come not merely from researchers working by themselves, but rather from a community of scholars cooperating and competing in pursuit of shared goals. Critical components of this community are built from scholarly citation, which turn isolated works into a network of scholarship that can be navigated and mined. For centuries, the outcome of such scholarly endeavors were written publications. With the coming of the digital age, new forms of scholarly output, such as data collections and digital publications have become commonplace. Unfortunately, the practices of citation and attribution that have been the mainstay of written publications are insufficient for this new digital world. A citation for digital data needs to be more descriptive than a reference to the location of the item; it needs to describe what the data is, where it came from, and how it was produced. This research will yield new techniques, tools and demonstrations of an extended citation service that uses data provenance, a formal record of how an object came to be in its current form. This extended citation service will facilitate activities such as research reproduction and attribution.The provenance-enabled data citation system developed in this work will both be embedded in an existing data platform (specifically, Dataverse) as well as functioning as a standalone service. The system addresses the following set of specific data citation challenges: It directly includes executable transformations for a limited, but important set of tools: R and SQL. For other tools, it provides a standardized documentation capability to describe transformations. The system is sufficiently flexible to serve either as part of a publication workflow, where data is part of a more conventional publication, or in support of a standalone publication. It also provides data summaries.