The Process Of Cultural Interaction In The US Southwest

石楠·特里格博士和马萨诸塞州大学波士顿分校的同事们将通过调查17世纪新墨西哥州西班牙殖民地的建立来探索殖民者如何适应新的社会和物理环境。该项目研究了早期殖民西班牙家庭的运作方式，特别关注殖民者如何将土著普韦布洛人纳入家庭活动，以及他们如何在西南部充满挑战的环境中谋生。西班牙殖民者将新的植物、动物和农业实践引入这一地区，这些以及后来的引入对西南部的景观产生了巨大的影响。我们对这一时期西班牙的家庭活动及其对环境的影响知之甚少。由于殖民地内的所有书面记录都在世纪后期的普韦布洛叛乱中被摧毁，考古学是了解美国西南部西班牙裔社会基础的主要途径。这项调查的结果与该区域以外的地区有关，因为西班牙对新墨西哥州的殖民为研究殖民者与土著人民之间关系的发展提供了一个案例研究。这项研究有助于理解权力差异、文化多元主义以及文化与环境之间的相互作用。 大多数17世纪的西班牙殖民者生活在农村牧场，使这些地方的活动特别重要。以前对该地区殖民化的研究集中在普韦布洛人对这种殖民化的反应。因此，西班牙家庭是关于殖民化进程的一个重要但未充分利用的信息来源。研究主要集中在几个问题上。殖民者的经济战略是什么？他们如何将土著人民的做法和知识纳入这些活动？殖民者与环境的关系是什么？研究人员通过进行考古发掘和从新墨西哥州最重要的早期殖民西班牙遗址之一获得环境样本来探索这些问题。文物的类型和分布，如陶瓷，将被用来探索对家庭做出贡献的人的身份以及他们从事的活动类型。通过花粉等生物数据，研究人员将调查殖民者与环境的关系，特别关注在这个边缘环境中引入犁耕农业和放牧牲畜所造成的变化。该项目将为研究生提供研究各方面的培训。研究人员已经与新墨西哥州圣达菲的一家致力于西班牙裔历史和文化的活历史博物馆El Rancho de las Golondrinas建立了合作关系。通过该项目开发的信息将以展览、讲座和博物馆讲解员培训的形式向公众提供。

Dr. Heather Trigg and colleagues from the University of Massachusetts Boston will explore how colonizers adapt to new social and physical environments by investigating the establishment of the Spanish colony of New Mexico during the 17th century. The project examines the way early colonial Spanish households functioned, focusing particularly on how colonists incorporated indigenous Pueblo peoples into household activities, and how they made a living in the Southwest's challenging environment. Spanish colonizers introduced new plants, animals, and agricultural practices into this region, and these and later introductions have had a dramatic effect on the Southwest's landscape. We know little about Spanish household activities during this period or their impacts on the environment. Because all written records held within the colony were destroyed during the Pueblo Rebellion in the late 17th century, archaeology is the primary way that the foundations of Hispanic society in the American Southwest can be understood. The results of this investigation are relevant beyond the region as the Spanish colonization of New Mexico provides a case study for examining the development of relationships between colonizers and indigenous peoples. The research contributes to an understanding of power differentials, cultural pluralism, and the interplay between culture and the environment. The majority of 17th-century Spanish colonizers lived in rural ranches, making the activities at these locations particularly important. Previous studies of the region's colonization have focused on Pueblo peoples' reactions to this colonization. Thus, Spanish households are an important but underutilized source of information about colonization processes. The research focuses on several questions. What were the colonists' economic strategies? How did they incorporate native peoples' practices and knowledge into these activities? What were the colonists' relationships to the environment? The researchers explore these issues by conducting archaeological excavations and obtaining environmental samples from one of the most important early colonial Spanish sites in New Mexico. The types and distribution of artifacts, such as ceramics, will be used to explore the identity of the people contributing to the household and the types of activities that they engaged. With biological data, such as pollen, researchers will investigate the relationships colonizers had with the environment, focusing particularly on changes resulting from the introduction of plow agriculture and grazing livestock on this marginal environment. The project will provide for the training of graduate students in all aspects of the research. The researchers have developed a partnership with El Rancho de las Golondrinas, a living history museum in Santa Fe, New Mexico that is dedicated to Hispanic history and culture. Information developed through the project will be made available to the general public in the form of exhibits, lectures, and docent training at the museum.