HCC: Medium: Cultural Differences in Driving Interaction

这项研究将致力于捕捉和理解驾驶员在道路上与他人沟通和协调的方式，并评估这些驾驶互动在不同文化中的差异。司机通过汽车的运动、鸣笛、口头交流、肢体语言和眼神与其他司机和道路使用者进行沟通和协商。通过使用多人虚拟现实驾驶模拟器在不同国家进行驾驶互动研究，研究小组将收集数据，了解驾驶员在不同驾驶情况下如何相互互动。这项研究有望通过帮助识别道路使用者在感知、理解和行动方面的不匹配，提高驾驶安全性，减少道路事故，特别是涉及自动驾驶汽车的事故。在开发先进技术的过程中考虑到不同的文化，以减少与设计不良、文化偏见和不必要的道路测试相关的风险，从而造福社会。本研究的科学目标是开发新的驾驶互动模型，以表征道路使用者之间发生的隐性和显性沟通和协商模式。研究团队将在美国、以色列和中国使用多人虚拟现实驾驶模拟器进行对照实验，研究来自不同地区和文化的司机在不同的道路驾驶情况下如何互动。仪器化的虚拟现实驾驶模拟环境将实现对车辆运动和信号、驾驶员凝视、头部方向和身体运动的捕获、回放和定性和定量分析。实验设计还将使调查的情境化部署成为可能，以深入了解每个驾驶员的情况意识。来自研究和后续分析的数据将用于训练模型，以阐明驱动交互的参数相似性和差异性。通过捕捉参与者如何与其他驾驶员进行沟通以协调共同行动，隐性地通过他们的虚拟汽车或身体运动，以及显性地通过口头或手势交流，该项目有望对驾驶互动在不同情况和文化中如何可能以不同的方式展开产生新的理解。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This research will work to capture and understand the ways that drivers communicate and coordinate with others on the road, and to assess how these driving interactions differ across cultures. Drivers communicate and negotiate with other drivers and road users through the movement of their cars, as well as through honking, verbal communication, body language, and eye-gaze. By using a multi-person virtual-reality driving simulator to conduct driving interaction studies in different countries, the research team will gather data to understand how drivers interact with one another in different driving situations. The research is expected to contribute to improving driving safety and reducing on-road accidents, particularly involving autonomous vehicles, by helping to identify mismatches in perception, understanding, and action among road users. It is expected to benefit society by considering different cultures in the development of advanced technologies to reduce risks associated with poor design, cultural bias, and unnecessary on-road testing.The scientific goal of this research is to develop new models of driving interaction that characterize the implicit and explicit communication and negotiation patterns that occur between road users. The research team will conduct controlled experiments using a multi-person virtual-reality driving simulator--in the US, in Israel, and in China--to study how drivers from different locations and cultures interact in different on-road driving situations. The instrumented virtual reality driving simulation environment will enable capture, replay and both qualitative and quantitative analysis of vehicle movement and signaling, as well as driver gaze, head orientation and body movement. The experimental design will also enable contextualized deployment of surveys to capture insight into each driver’s situation awareness. Data from the studies and subsequent analysis will be used to train models to elucidate parametric similarities and differences in driving interactions. By capturing how participants communicate with other drivers to coordinate joint action, implicitly through the movements of their virtual car or bodily movement, as well as explicitly through verbal or gestural exchange, this project is expected to develop new understandings of how driving interactions are likely to unfold differently across diverse situations and cultures.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.