REU Site: The Bronze Age Koros Off-Tell Archaeological (BAKOTA) Field School: Undergraduate Training in Fieldwork and Independent Research Reporting in European Archaeology

该项目得到了本科生研究经验(REU)站点计划的支持，该计划是一个NSF范围的计划，尽管每个理事会都管理着自己的REU站点竞赛。该计划支持本科生积极参与研究，努力向他们介绍科学研究，以鼓励他们继续参与国家的科学研究和开发事业。REU项目让学生以有意义的方式参与正在进行的研究项目或专门为此目的而设计的研究项目。REU计划是NSF培养多元化、具有国际竞争力和全球参与的科学和工程劳动力这一目标的主要贡献者。社会、行为和经济(SBE)科学局授予昆尼皮亚克大学巴科塔REU实地学校的REU场地赠款，为来自代表性不足群体和资源不足机构的学生提供一个多元文化和多学科的环境，以接受科学研究和出版方面的培训。美国学生与匈牙利学生和同事一起工作，获得理论背景、实践经验和个人导师的精心关注，以掌握引领考古研究的日益专业化的STEM方法。每年夏天，10名本科生将从事以下活动：1)在匈牙利学生旁边工作，接受勘测和挖掘技术、记录保存和数据管理以及文物分析方面的指导；2)参加由考古方法和理论以及东欧文化史专家讲授的研讨会和工作坊；3)参观博物馆和考古遗址；4)在教师导师的指导下计划和完成一个独立的研究项目；5)住在VéSztó小镇，从村民、匈牙利学生和来访的项目参与者那里了解匈牙利的生活。学生(通过正式指导和非正式指导)从依赖的思考者转变为独立的思考者，他们拥有为研究团队做出自己独特贡献的技能集。学生们在国家会议、学术期刊和项目网站(http://bakota.net).)上展示他们的工作通过吸引原本不会参与高水平研究的学生，巴科塔实地学校为学生进一步探索科学打开了大门，并支持将影响学生整个学术和职业生涯的合作。该项目的国际经验需要一个文化敏感的氛围，并促使参与者促进一个更宽容、更受教育和更具协作性的社会。在这个REU遗址项目中，本科生成为一个考古项目的贡献者，该项目的核心是了解欧洲史前社会不平等的加剧。青铜时代发生了许多重大的社会变革，包括农业集约化、人口增加和贸易爆炸。这所实地学校位于匈牙利东部，证明了许多形式的社会复杂性，但与邻近地区不同的是，它没有经历社会分层的大规模变化。尽管人口不断增加，农业生产得到加强，但青铜制造业并没有出现等级制度或垄断。这使得匈牙利东部成为研究社会变革的一个迷人的地方。通过将喀尔巴底盆地青铜时代民族的轨迹与世界其他地方的等级社会的轨迹进行比较，我们参与了专注于理解社会不平等的基础和发展的大型人类学辩论。青铜时代考古(巴科塔)考古(巴科塔)REU遗址田野学校为青铜时代中期(约公元前2000-1500年)墓地和位于匈牙利东南部的BékéS 103定居点的夏季田野学校提供了三年的资金。专业发展指导在项目开始前、整个研究季节和项目结束后进行。参与者还接受道德和公平的实地工作行为守则方面的培训，包括研究中的负责任行为(RCR)和性骚扰意识。美国国家科学基金会的国际科学与工程(ISE)项目为该项目提供了共同资金。

This project is supported under the Research Experiences for Undergraduates (REU) Sites program, which is an NSF-wide program although each Directorate administers its own REU Site competition. This program supports active research participation by undergraduate students in an effort to introduce them to scientific research so as to encourage their continued engagement in the nation's scientific research and development enterprise. REU projects involve students in meaningful ways in ongoing research programs or in research projects designed especially for the purpose. The REU program is a major contributor to the NSF's goal of developing a diverse, internationally competitive, and globally-engaged science and engineering workforce. The Social, Behavioral and Economic (SBE) sciences Directorate awarded this REU Site grant to Quinnipiac University for the BAKOTA REU Site field-school to offer a multicultural and multidisciplinary environment for students from underrepresented groups and under-resourced institutions to receive training in scientific research and publication. Working with Hungarian students and colleagues, American students receive the theoretical background, hands-on experience and the careful attention of individual mentors required for mastering the increasingly specialized STEM methods leading archaeological research. Each summer, ten undergraduate students are engaged in 1) working next to Hungarian students while they receive instruction in survey and excavation techniques, record keeping and data management, and artifact analysis, 2) participating in seminars and workshops taught by experts on archaeological method and theory and the cultural history of Eastern Europe, 3) visiting museums and archaeological sites, 4) planning and completing an independent research project with a faculty mentor, and 5) living in the small town of Vésztõ and learning about life in Hungary from the villagers, Hungarian students, and visiting project participants. Students are guided (via formal instruction and informal mentoring) from dependent to independent thinkers who have the skill sets to make their own unique contributions to the research team. Students present their work at a national conference, in academic journals, and on the project website (http://bakota.net). By engaging students who would not otherwise participate in high-level research, the BAKOTA field-school opens the door to further student inquiry in science, and supports collaborations that will impact the students throughout their academic and professional careers. The international experience of the project requires a culturally sensitive atmosphere and results in participants who promote a more tolerant, educated, and collaborative society. In this REU Site project, undergraduate students become contributing members of an archaeological project centered on understanding the rise of social inequality in European prehistory. A number of significant social transformations occur in the Bronze Age, including agricultural intensification, population increases, and an explosion in trade. The location of the field-school in eastern Hungary has evidence for many forms of social complexity, but unlike neighboring areas, it did not undergo massive changes in social stratification. Despite an increasing population and intensified agricultural production, no hierarchy or monopoly over bronze manufacturing emerged. This makes eastern Hungary a fascinating place to study social change. By comparing the trajectory of Bronze Age peoples of the Carpathian Basin to those of stratified societies elsewhere in the world, we engage the large anthropological debates focused on understanding the foundations and development of social inequality. The Bronze Age Körös Off-Tell Archaeological (BAKOTA) REU Site field-school has three years of funding for a summer field school at the Middle Bronze Age (ca. 2000-1500 BC) cemetery and settlement of Békés 103, located in southeastern Hungary. Professional development mentoring takes place before the program starts, throughout the research season, and post-project. Participants also receive training in ethical and equitable fieldwork codes of conduct, including Responsible Conduct in Research (RCR) and sexual harassment awareness. NSF's International Science and Engineering (ISE) program has co-funded this project.