SusChEM: Magnesium-catalyzed hydrosilylation and hydroboration for efficient carbon-silicon and carbon-boron bond formation

在这个由化学系化学催化计划资助的项目中，爱荷华州州立大学的Aaron Sadow教授正在开发新的催化反应来构建复杂的系统。这些反应的产物是通常用作材料和精细化学技术的合成中间体的试剂。目前生产重要合成中间体的工艺通常会产生大量废物或使用昂贵的金属。该项目正在研究的催化剂是基于丰富的镁，钙或锌化合物。 这种化学方法应该产生更高效率的催化过程，减少对贵金属的需求，并使重要化合物的合成路线多样化。 Sadow教授还在研究反应机理和控制催化反应化学的因素，这将有助于优化催化的结果，并增加化学的基础知识。 此外，正在开展外联活动，通过大学和公共研讨会系列向公众传播关于化学品可持续性的信息。 研究生和本科生正在接受广泛的化学合成，表征，机理研究和分子设计的培训，这对于成功解决与催化有关的任何科学奋进都很重要。Sadow教授正在研究含氧有机分子的催化转化。早期的过渡金属醇盐不容易转移到弱亲电体，如硅烷，由于这些化合物中的强极性金属-氧键的限制因素。烷基从主族金属化合物（例如格氏试剂）的转移是公认的，并且可用于硅-碳和硼-碳键形成的合成化学中。相反，对镁-碳键形成的限制阻碍了在使用主族金属催化剂的催化转化中应用容易的烷基转移反应。 萨多教授正在研究以镁和钙为中心的基团转移反应，沿着的还有相关的亲氧金属中心。这些研究是通过开发早期金属催化位点和试剂来有效地和选择性地转化含氧化合物，以及通过涉及亲氧主族金属中心基团转移的有机元素键形成的动力学研究来完成的。这项工作涉及主族金属配合物的合成与配体环境，不稳定强金属元素键，同时稳定反应中间体。

In this project funded by the Chemical Catalysis program of the Chemistry Division, Professor Aaron Sadow of Iowa State University is developing new catalytic reactions to construct complex systems. The products of these reactions are reagents commonly used as synthetic intermediates for materials and fine chemical technologies. Current processes to create important synthetic intermediates often generate significant quantities of waste or employ expensive metals. The catalysts being studied in this project are instead based on abundant magnesium, calcium or zinc compounds. This chemistry should yield catalytic processes with greater efficiency, reduced demand for precious metals, and diversified synthetic routes to important compounds. Professor Sadow is also studying the reaction mechanisms and the factors that control the chemistry of the catalytic reactions, which will help to optimize the outcomes of the catalysis and to add to fundamental knowledge of the chemistry. Additionally, outreach activities are being pursued to disseminate information on chemical sustainability to public audiences through university and public seminar series. Graduate and undergraduate students are receiving broad training in chemical synthesis, characterization, mechanistic study, and molecular design, which are important for success in any scientific problem-solving endeavor related to catalysis.Professor Sadow is studying the catalytic conversion of oxygen-containing organic molecules. Early transition-metal alkoxides do not readily transfer to weak electrophiles such as silanes due to limiting factors of the strong, polar metal-oxygen bonds in these compounds. The transfer of alkyl groups from main group metal compounds, such as Grignard reagents, is well established and useful in synthetic chemistry for silicon-carbon and boron-carbon bond formations. Instead, the limitations on magnesium-carbon bond formations hinder the application of facile alkyl group transfer reactions in catalytic transformations that employ main group metal catalysts. Professor Sadow is studying group transfer reactions centered on magnesium and calcium, along with related oxophilic metal centers. These studies are being accomplished through the development of early-metal catalytic sites and reagents to efficiently and selectively transform oxygenates as well as through kinetic studies of organoelement bond formations involving group transfer from oxophilic main group metal centers. The work involves the synthesis of main group metal complexes with ligand environments that labilize strong metal-element bonds and while stabilizing reactive intermediates.