Doctoral Dissertation Research: Debt, Uncertainty, and Economic Governance

已经确定，政治冲突会对偿债做法和金融风险评估产生不利影响。因此，面对对金融和商业不确定性的担忧，经济治理实践的目标是建立一种常态感。恢复这种信心对于创造符合美国商业利益的稳定环境至关重要。这个项目培训研究生如何进行严谨的、有经验的科学实地考察，将探索政治冲突、不确定性和风险对贷款和偿还债务实践的影响。这个项目的问题是，在经历了一段长期的政治动荡之后，如何实现金融稳定和投资。在长期的政治动荡之后，信用和债务关系受到信任的崩溃和对未来的根本不确定性。密歇根大学的博士生Nishita Trisal在Matthew Hull博士的指导下，将探索印度管理的克什米尔地区金融风险和债务的上升。在该地区以经济活动增加和暴力表面上的减少为标志的时候--在经历了20多年的冲突后，媒体和公众舆论将其称为“回归正常”--这项研究将调查金融、银行和经济发展在克什米尔“正常化”项目中的作用。通过在克什米尔首府斯利那加，特别是查谟和克什米尔银行、地区债务法院，以及借款人和违约者的住宅和企业，以及在新德里为期18个月的民族志田野调查，这项研究将跟踪克什米尔地区金融交易的生活，从经济政策决策到银行违约诉讼。它将通过跟踪这些网站内流通的实物来做到这一点，从贷款申请和还款通知到电子银行系统。研究问题包括：1)持续的政治冲突及其产生的不确定性和风险如何改变了克什米尔人对经济和法律实践的参与？2)研究银行、金融和违约诉讼的地点-以及调解它们的技术-揭示了克什米尔人如何体验和概念化信任、风险以及该地区的金融未来和主权？3)克什米尔和印度的国家、司法系统和金融政策部门以什么方式投资于克什米尔的政治和经济“正常化”？这项研究将借鉴社会科学的方法，包括参与者观察、访谈和语言分析。它将增进公众对全球金融体系的了解，借款人、违约者、信贷员和金融政策专家都经历了这一过程。它还将通过人种学分析对金融风险产生更强有力的理解，从而寻求为旨在改善政治和经济上被剥夺公民权的群体的脆弱性的政策讨论做出贡献。

Political conflict has been established to have adverse impact on debt repayment practices and assessments of financial risk. Economic governance practices are accordingly oriented to establishing a sense of normalcy in the face of fears about financial and commercial uncertainty. Restoration of this confidence is essential to creating the stable environments that serve American commercial interests. This project, which trains a graduate student in how to conduct rigorous, empirically-grounded scientific fieldwork, will explore the impact of political conflict, uncertainty, and risk on lending and debt repayment practices. This project asks how financial stability and investment can be realized following a period of prolonged political turmoil, where credit and debt relations suffered from a breakdown in trust and a fundamental uncertainty about the future.University of Michigan doctoral student Nishita Trisal, supervised by Dr. Matthew Hull, will explore the rise of financial risk and indebtedness in Indian-administered Kashmir. At a time marked in the region by increased economic activity and an ostensible decline in violence - what media and public discourse have dubbed a "return to normalcy" following more than two decades of conflict - this research will investigate the role of finance, banking, and economic development in the project of "normalizing" Kashmir. Through eighteen months of ethnographic fieldwork in Kashmir's capital Srinagar, specifically at the Jammu and Kashmir Bank, the District Debt Court, as well as at the homes and businesses of borrowers and defaulters, and in New Delhi, the research will track the life of financial transactions in Kashmir, from economic policy decisions to the litigation of bank default. It will do so by following the material artifacts that circulate within these sites, from loan applications and repayment notices to electronic banking systems. The research questions include: 1) How has the ongoing political conflict, and the uncertainties and risks it has produced, transformed Kashmiris' engagement with economic and legal practices? 2) What does studying sites of banking, finance, and default litigation - and the technologies that mediate them - reveal about how Kashmiris experience and conceptualize trust, risk, as well as the region's financial future and its sovereignty? 3) In what ways do the state, the judicial system, and the financial policy sector in Kashmir and in India invest in the political and economic "normalization" of Kashmir? The research will draw upon social science methods of participant observation, interviews, and linguistic analysis. It will enhance the public understanding of the global financial system, as experienced by borrowers, defaulters, loan officers, and financial policy experts. It will also produce a more robust understanding of financial risk through ethnographic analysis, thereby seeking to contribute to policy discussions aimed at ameliorating the vulnerability of politically and financially disenfranchised groups.