EAGER: Advanced Buffer Materials for CO2 Control, Improved Air Quality and Energy Conservation in Commercial Buildings

1549736 rezaei室内空气污染，例如烹饪产生的蒸汽，需要能源来保证家庭的充分通风。除了室内空气污染外，人们产生的二氧化碳在不消耗能量的情况下不能被有效地去除。此外，二氧化碳最近被证明会损害认知和生产力。在这项研究中，一种新型的被动二氧化碳控制系统将被开发，该系统将先进的吸附剂结合到表面涂层中。这些涂层在高占用期吸附二氧化碳，在低占用期释放二氧化碳，从而降低二氧化碳的峰值浓度，改善空气质量，减少必要的通风能量需求。该项目分为三个主要任务。在任务1中，确定（或开发）二氧化碳吸附剂，对其吸附性能进行表征和测试。大量可能的二氧化碳吸附剂已经被开发出来用于从发电厂捕获二氧化碳。其中，沸石和活性炭可能是这一应用的良好候选者，因为它们在低温下工作，二氧化碳结合弱。在任务2中，任务1中确定的吸附剂将掺入表面涂层中。这些涂料旨在与那些将用于建筑物的涂料非常相似，例如水性乳胶漆，因此该技术可以很容易地转移到应用中。测试吸附性能的实验将在实验规模的反应器中进行。关键成果是涂层可以快速吸附二氧化碳，但也可以在不加热的情况下轻松解吸。在任务3中，新开发的涂层将应用于全尺寸（8立方米）腔室的墙壁。该室模拟了一个小房间，具有适当的通风率，表面积，二氧化碳源率，温度和湿度控制。在这个腔室中，可以模拟高占用期和低占用期，并可以在全尺寸、真实的条件下评估每种涂层的动态CO2缓冲能力。拟议的研究代表了被动二氧化碳缓冲技术在建筑空气质量控制问题上的首次应用，并开发了独特适合建筑物条件和非热吸附/解吸要求的新型吸附-涂层系统。此外，它还生成了现实条件下的二氧化碳缓冲数据，这些数据允许外推到多种建筑类型和条件，并且还生成了关于二氧化碳缓冲在美国建筑存量中的适用性和能源后果的预测

1549736RezaeiIndoor air pollution, for example, vapors from cooking, requires energy to insure adequate ventilation in homes. In addition to indoor air pollution, CO2 generated by people is not removed efficiently without expending energy. Further, CO2 has recently been shown to impair cognition and productivity. In this research, a novel passive CO2 control system is to be developed that incorporates advanced sorbents into surface coatings. These coatings adsorb CO2 during high-occupancy periods and release the CO2 during lower occupancy periods, thereby reducing peak concentrations of CO2, improving air quality and reduce the necessary ventilation energy requirements.The project is organized into three main tasks. In Task 1, CO2 sorbents are identified (or developed), characterized and tested for their adsorptive performance. A large number of possible CO2 sorbents have already been developed for CO2 capture from power plants. Of these, zeolites and activated carbon are likely to be good candidates for this application because they operate at low temperatures and CO2 binds weakly. In Task 2, sorbents identified in Task 1 will be incorporated into surface coatings. These coatings are intended to be very similar to those that would be used in buildings, e.g. water-based latex paint, so that the technology can be readily transferred to application. Experiments to test the adsorptive performance will be performed in bench-scale reactors. Key outcomes are coatings that will adsorb CO2 rapidly but also desorb readily without heating. In Task 3, the newly developed coatings will be applied to walls in a full-sized (8 m3) chamber. The chamber simulates a small room with appropriate ventilation rates, surface area, CO2 source rates, temperature and humidity controls. In this chamber, high and low occupancy periods can be simulated and the dynamic CO2 buffering capability of each coating can be assessed under full-scale, realistic conditions. The proposed research represents the first application of passive CO2 buffering technology to the problem of building air quality control and develops novel sorbent-coating systems that are uniquely suited to the conditions in buildings and requirements for non-thermal sorption/desorption. Further, it generates data on CO2 buffering under realistic conditions that allow for extrapolation to multiple building types and conditions and also generates predictions about the applicability and energy consequences of CO2 buffering for building stock across the U.S.