Collaborative Research: Quantifying the Residual Circulation of the Arctic Ocean

海洋中的地转涡旋输送热量、盐和物质，其方式与风暴输送大气中的热量、湿度和物质的方式大致相同。 这些涡输送的净效应对北冰洋沃茨的平均温度和盐度分层和环流有显著影响。他们的气候。 我们对北冰洋涡旋输送过程的认识还很薄弱。 该项目致力于提高人们对这一问题的认识，为STEM劳动力的发展做出了重大贡献。 它将支持培训一名博士后助理和一名研究生。 此外，主要研究人员将开发一个教学模块，供公众使用？坦克里的天气专题-学生在旋转框架中探索流体动力学实验的实验指南，以更好地理解大气和海洋现象的基本物理学。 该模块将描述一个具有指导意义的旋转实验室实验，以模拟北冰洋博福特环流中的基本原理。 该项目还间接有助于国家安全，因为北冰洋的平均盐度分层是对北极海冰覆盖命运的重要控制，影响北极的资源开发，运输，旅游和国防活动。 更好地了解涡流传输过程和随后纳入模型将提高预测未来国家的北极海冰cover.This项目将确定，通过研究层次模型的背景下，与观测，在何种程度上地转湍流发挥了核心作用，在设置大规模环流的博福特环流（BG）的加拿大北极，塑造其所谓的？残留物？流通正是剩余平均环流输送示踪剂（例如，热，盐，碳）在海洋中，这有两个组成部分：一个贡献的平均速度（？欧拉平均值？循环），和贡献的漩涡（通常称为？大剂量输注？）。这种分解为理解南大洋环流的基本动力学和全球气候影响提供了基本框架。本项目将通过对剩余平均环流及其各分量的研究，探讨博福特环流的基本动力过程，包括：1。分析涡旋在平衡环流的淡水收支中的作用，平衡风的作用从表面泵下的淡水，2.边界流和季节性强迫作用的检验，3.的特征？剩余均值？循环的BG -区分它从？欧拉平均值？BG中残差和欧拉描述之间的显著差异将意味着涡旋在示踪剂输送中具有主导作用。这将对北极海洋学、其环流和地球化学、我们如何解释和观察北极以及我们如何模拟北极产生深远的影响。

Geostrophic eddies in the ocean transport heat, salt, and mass in much the same fashion that storms transport heat, humidity, and mass in the atmosphere. The net effect of these eddy transports has a significant impact on the mean temperature and salinity stratification and circulation of the waters of the Arctic Ocean ? their climatology. Our understanding of these eddy transport process in the Arctic Ocean is weak. This project is devoted to improving that understanding.The project contributes significantly to STEM workforce development. It will support the training of a post-doctoral associate and a graduate student. Furthermore, the principal investigators will develop a teaching module for the public ?Weather in a Tank? project - a laboratory guide for students to explore fluid dynamics experiments in a rotating frame to better understand the essential physics of atmosphere and ocean phenomena. The module will describe an instructive rotating laboratory experiment to simulate the fundamental principles at work in the Beaufort Gyre in the Arctic Ocean. The project also contributes indirectly to national security in that the mean salinity stratification of the Arctic Ocean is an important control on the fate of the Arctic sea ice cover, which influences resource development, transportation, tourism, and defense activities in the Arctic. A better understanding of eddy transport processes and their subsequent incorporation into models will improve projection of future states of the Arctic sea ice cover.This project will determine, through study of a hierarchy of models in context with observations, the degree to which geostrophic turbulence plays a central role in setting the large-scale circulation of the Beaufort Gyre (BG) of the Canadian Arctic, shaping its so-called ?Residual? circulation. It is the Residual-mean circulation that transports tracers (e.g., heat, salt,carbon) in the ocean, and this has two components: a contribution from the mean velocity (the ?Eulerian-mean? circulation), and a contribution from eddies (often called the ?bolus transport?). This decomposition has provided the essential framework for progress in understanding the fundamental dynamics and global climate implications of the Southern Ocean circulation. In this project, through study of the Residual-mean circulation and its components, fundamental dynamical processes at work in the Beaufort Gyre (BG) will be explored, including:1. analysis of the role of eddies in equilibrating the freshwater budget of the gyre, balancing the pumping down of fresh water from the surface by the action of the wind,2. examination of the role of boundary currents and seasonal forcing,3. characterization of the ?Residual-mean? circulation of the BG - distinguishing it from the ?Eulerian-mean? circulation.Significant differences between Residual and Eulerian descriptions in the BG will mean that eddies have a leading order role in tracer transport. This will have far-reaching implications for Arctic oceanography, its circulation and biogeochemistry, how we interpret and take observations in the Arctic and how we model the Arctic.