GOALI: Landfill Leachate Treatment with Solid Waste Generated Biochar

1707149在美国，CookTrash通常被送到垃圾填埋场，而在垃圾填埋场，这种垃圾产生需要处理的进一步废物，如逃逸的空气排放和废水（也称为渗滤液）。 这些垃圾中的一些可以变成生物炭，生物炭是一种由食物和庭院废物等有机物质产生的木炭，可以去除废水中的污染物（即，通过吸附过程）。这种生物炭可以用来处理垃圾渗滤液，这将减少污染物，并提供一种能源。在与行业伙伴的合作下，PI将完成设计更具成本效益，环境可持续性和可靠的废物管理和渗滤液处理系统所需的基础研究和技术开发。总体而言，它将帮助该行业克服当前废物管理系统带来的挑战，并支持该领域的进一步创新，以降低成本和负面环境影响，并从废物中提供可靠的能源。需要收集和处理垃圾填埋场沥出液，以尽量减少对环境的不利影响，特别是对地下水和地表水的影响。严重污染的沥滤液需要进行深度处理，如吸附。总的来说，治疗需要可靠，具有成本效益和简单。虽然颗粒活性炭可以吸附许多污染物，但它相对昂贵，而且通常由不可再生的煤炭生产。生物炭是一种替代吸附剂，具有成本效益，可从废物中生产，对环境有益。将有机物从垃圾填埋场转移到生物炭，导致碳固存，减少垃圾填埋场甲烷排放，并允许可再生能源和水处理吸附剂的生产。这项工作的总体目标是确定和开发一种更具成本效益和环境可持续性的垃圾渗滤液处理工艺和有机固体废物管理方法。本研究的主要工作有三个方面：（1）基于垃圾原料、灰预处理和温度对生物炭吸附处理进行评价;（2）利用可复制全尺寸性能的实验装置对生物炭和再生生物炭的吸附和生物降解处理能力进行评价;以及（3）评估现行的废物管理系统，以比较不同渗滤液处理系统的生命周期成本和环境影响，制定全面实施的标准，以降低成本，减少对环境的影响。这项工作包括基础和应用研究，将帮助垃圾填埋场管理人员确定最有效和可持续的有机固体废物管理和渗滤液处理方案。PI的工作将通过概念化使用生物炭的新吸附和生物降解方法，并通过生成数据来显示如何改进垃圾填埋场渗滤液处理，从而开发一种创新的渗滤液处理方案。初步研究将确定优化渗滤液处理过程和固体废物管理过程的标准。预计这项工作将推进生物炭开发和固体废物管理系统方面的知识。通过与行业合作伙伴的合作，PI将开发一套教育体验，包括垃圾填埋场图尔斯，行业相关和专业的学生辅导，行业对课程开发的投入，以及行业合作者的客座讲座。预计该项目将通过同时使用有机废物来支持创新：（i）处理垃圾渗滤液，（ii）生产能源，（iii）减少废物积累和污染，从而降低总体成本和环境退化，目前对当地和全球社区产生重大负面影响。

1707149CookTrash in the US is typically sent to landfills, and while in a landfill this trash produces further wastes that require treatment, such as fugitive air emissions and wastewater (also called leachate). Some of this trash can be turned into biochar, which is a charcoal produced from organic matter such as food and yard wastes, that can remove pollutants from wastewater (i.e., by sorption processes). This biochar can be used to treat the landfill leachate, which will reduce pollutants and provide a source of energy. In collaboration with an industry partner, the PIs will complete the fundamental research and technology development needed to design more cost-efficient, environmentally sustainable, and reliable waste management and leachate treatment systems. Overall, it will help the industry overcome challenges posed by current waste management systems and support further innovation in this field to reduce costs and negative environmental impacts and to provide a reliable energy source from waste. The collection and treatment of landfill leachate are required to minimize negative environmental impacts, especially on groundwater and surface water. Heavily polluted leachates require advanced treatment, such as adsorption. Overall, treatment needs to be reliable, cost-effective, and simple. While granular activated carbon can adsorb many contaminants, it is relatively expensive and often produced from non-renewable coal. Biochar, an alternative adsorbent, can be cost-effective, produced from waste, and environmentally beneficial. Diverting organic matter from landfills to biochar, results in carbon sequestration, reduces landfill methane emissions, and allows for the renewable production of energy and of water treatment adsorbents. The overall objective of this work is to identify and develop a more cost-effective and environmentally sustainable landfill leachate treatment process and organic solid waste management approach. This work has three main tasks: (1) evaluate biochar adsorption treatment based on raw waste material, ash pre-treatment, and temperature; (2) evaluate biochar and regenerated biochar adsorption and biodegradation treatment capacity using an experimental setup that replicates full-scale performance; and (3) evaluate current waste management systems to compare the life cycle costs and environmental impacts of the different leachate treatment systems and develop criteria for full-scale implementation to reduce costs and environmental impacts compared with current technologies. This work includes both fundamental and applied research that will help landfill managers determine the most effective and sustainable organic solids waste management and leachate treatment options. The PIs work will develop an innovative leachate treatment option by conceptualizing a new adsorption and biodegradation approach using biochar and by generating data to show how to improve landfill leachate treatment. The PIs will identify criteria for optimizing the leachate treatment process and solid waste management processes. It is expected that this work will advance knowledge in biochar development and solid waste management systems. Through collaboration with the industry partner, the PIs will develop a suite of educational experiences including landfill tours, industry relevant and professional mentoring of students, industry input on curriculum development, and guest lectures by the industrial collaborator. It is expected that this project will support innovation by simultaneously using organic waste to: (i) treat landfill leachate, (ii) produce energy, and (iii) reduce waste accumulation and contamination, thereby reducing overall costs and environmental degradation that currently have significant negative impacts on local and global communities.