Qur'anic Approaches to Jesus Christ in the Perspective of Comparative Theology

基督论在基督教和穆斯林之间被普遍认为是两种宗教之间的关键区别。例如，对于基督徒来说，相信耶稣基督是上帝的儿子是他们的核心信仰，而穆斯林似乎认为拒绝这种信仰是他们信仰的基本部分。因此，基督徒承认耶稣是基督被认为是伊斯兰教和基督教之间最重要的区别。另一方面，除了基督教之外，可能没有其他宗教在其信仰的规范基础上承认对拿撒勒人耶稣的人格和生活的深切赞赏。因此，可以毫无争议地说，伊斯兰传统一直培养着对拿撒勒人耶稣的非凡迷恋。有趣的是，拿撒勒人耶稣在《古兰经》中有时甚至比穆罕默德的地位更高。鉴于《古兰经》中一些将耶稣描述为上帝之道的陈述，从其基督论的内容来考察这些陈述似乎非常有趣。因此，该项目将仔细审查是否可行，从一个特别基督教的角度来看，承认古兰经对拿撒勒人耶稣的评价是一种基督论的形式，这可能对基督徒有价值。根据这种想法，人们也可以问，基督教信仰是否可以在自己的信仰框架内，在一定程度上容纳古兰经中对拿撒勒人耶稣的描述，这种方法的特殊性是否可以被视为基督教身份的丰富。同样，穆斯林比较神学应该讨论的问题是，基督教承认耶稣是基督与古兰经关于耶稣的陈述之间的关系是否可以在为伊斯兰思想提供对耶稣的新理解的基础上进行审查。在这一点上，逊尼派和什叶派之间的穆斯林内部辩论似乎带有具体的差异，这些差异也可以在圣训文献和注释传统中发现。他们都采用不同的方法来评论拿撒勒人耶稣的生活，因此，分别评估教派对耶稣的解释是合理的。在我们项目的第一个阶段集中讨论了什叶派对这一系列问题的方法之后，我们现在想更详细地研究逊尼派的方法。逊尼派对这一问题的看法将通过对古兰经的新的解释学方法来理解，例如，Mouhanad Khorchide就介绍了这一点。它还将通过柏林Coranicum项目的结果了解情况。

The Christology is among Christians and Muslims generally regarded as the crucial point of difference between the two religions. For instance, whereas for Christians the belief in Jesus Christ as the Son of God establishes a core belief, Muslims seem to feel that refusing this belief is a fundamental part of their faith. Consequently, the Christian confession of Jesus as the Christ is considered to be the single most important difference between Islam and Christianity.On the other hand, there is probably no other religion besides Christianity, which acknowledges in the normative foundations of its own faith such a deep appreciation of the person and life of Jesus of Nazareth as Islam.Therefore, it can be stated without much debate that the Islamic tradition has always cultivated a remarkable fascination with Jesus of Nazareth. Interestingly, Jesus of Nazareth receives in the Quran occasionally even a higher position than Muhammad. Given some Quranic statements in which Jesus is described as the Word of God, it seems very intriguing to examine these statements towards their Christological content.The project will therefore scrutinize whether it is feasible, from a particularly Christian perspective, to recognize the Quranic appreciations of Jesus of Nazareth as a form of Christology, which could possibly be saying something valuable to Christians. In accordance with that thought one can also ask, whether the Christian faith could accommodate to a certain extend the depiction of Jesus of Nazareth in the Quran within its own frame of belief and could the peculiarity of this approach be regarded as an enrichment of the Christian identity. Similarly, a Muslim Comparative Theology should discuss the question whether the relationship between the Christian confession of Jesus as the Christ and the Quranic statements about Jesus can be reviewed on the grounds of offering a new understanding of Jesus to Islamic thought. The intra-Muslim debate on this point between Sunnis and Shiites seem to carry specific differences that can also be detected in the hadith literature and the commentary traditions. They all engage diverse approaches to comment on the life of Jesus of Nazareth, it therefore is reasonable to evaluate the denomination's interpretations of Jesus separately.After focusing on the Shia approach to this set of questions in the first period of our project, we would like to work in more detail on the Sunni approach now. The Sunni perspective on this matter will be accessed through the new hermeneutical approaches to the Quran, as it is introduced for example by Mouhanad Khorchide. it will also be informed through the results of the Corpus Coranicum project in Berlin.