Canonisation and variant readings in the Qur'anic manuscripts of the Bibliotheca Coranica of Fustat (Old Cairo), 7th to 10th century

PALEOCORAN旨在弥合通过阿拉伯资料来源所知的古兰经历史和对手稿的最新古代学研究与文本的各个方面的实际接受之间的差距，因为它们可以在7世纪至10世纪开罗阿姆鲁清真寺的古兰经图书馆中得到记录。时至今日，还缺乏在连贯的地理背景下对文本的实际历史进行研究。早期古兰经手稿分散在不同的收藏品中，支离破碎，这使得任何试图彻底检查与特定地点有关的手稿证据的尝试都无法进行。PALEOCORAN将依赖于重建作为碎片保存在世界各地的Fustat手稿。将以Fustat(旧开罗)在线门户网站Bibliotheca Coranica的形式进行数字重建。关于手稿轨迹的阿拉伯来源、旅行报告、奥斯曼帝国来源和欧洲收藏品的档案材料将被记录下来。PALEOCORAN涵盖的时间跨度对应于古兰经历史上的重要时刻：变音符号的标准化、阿拉伯语正字法、短元音符号、不同读音的发展，以及最终在巴格达的伊本·圣战者(公元936)改革，完成了古兰经的封圣过程。PALEOCORAN将分析Fustat收集并衡量这些变化的实际影响。因此，可以评估不同读物在当地的传播情况和规范版本的接受情况。还将研究这一时期古兰经材料呈现的各种变化。这些手稿将以多学科的方式进行处理，结合文献学、古文字学、编纂学、艺术史和物理化学分析。后者可能有助于确定古兰经图书馆各种副本的来源。将与邻近的手稿文化进行比较研究，以确定相互影响。PALEOCORAN将根据福斯塔特古兰经图书馆的材料证据、该书的阿巴斯艺术以及福斯塔特的文化史，帮助更准确地了解古兰经的历史。PALEOCORAN基于法德项目CORANICA(2011-2014)的工作，重点是最早的古兰经手稿(直到公元750年，Hijazi风格)、文本的音译和他们的版本。PALEOCORAN的目标是对Fustat藏品进行虚拟重建，对其大约的数据进行统一编目。所涉及的360个碎片，以及它们的轨迹文件(例如，奥斯曼法典到撒马尔罕或伊斯坦布尔；欧洲收藏)。阿拉伯文字(古文字、字母形状、变音符号、元音系统)的发展和《古兰经》被封为圣典的过程将在《科兰尼察图书馆》证据的基础上进行研究。

PALEOCORAN aims at bridging the gap between the history of the Quran as known through the Arabic sources and the latest palaeographic researches on the manuscripts and the actual reception of the various aspects of the text as they can be documented in the in the Quranic library of the Amr mosque in Cairo 7th to 10th century. To the present day, a study of the actual history of the text within a coherent geographical context is lacking. The fragmentary state of the early Quranic manuscripts, scattered between various collections, has prevented any attempt at examining thoroughly all manuscript evidence related to a specific place. PALEOCORAN would rely on the reconstruction of the Fustat manuscripts preserved as fragments all over the world. A digital reconstruction will be set up in the shape of a web portal Bibliotheca Coranica of Fustat (Old Cairo) online. Arabic sources, travel reports, Ottoman sources, and archival material of the European collections on trajectories of the manuscripts will be documented. The time span covered by PALEOCORAN corresponds to significant moments for the history of the Quranic text: the standardisation of the diacritical marks, Arabic orthography, short vowel signs, the development of the variant readings, and ultimately Ibn Mujahids (d. 936) reform in Bagdad which completed the canonisation process of the Quran. PALEOCORAN would analyse the Fustat collection and gauge the actual impact of these changes. It will thus be possible to assess the local diffusion of the variant readings and the reception of the canonical version. The various changes in the material presentation of the Quran during this period will also be researched. The manuscripts will be approached in a multidisciplinary way, combining philology, palaeography, codicology, art history and physico-chemical analyses. The latter might help determine the origin of the various copies of the Quranic library. Comparative studies with neighbouring manuscript cultures will be carried out in order to define the mutual influences. PALEOCORAN will contribute to a more precise understanding of the history of the Quran based on the material evidence from the Fustat Quranic library, of the Abbasid art of the book as well as of the cultural history of Fustat. PALEOCORAN is based on the work of the French-German project CORANICA (2011-2014) focussing on the earliest Quranic manuscripts (until 750 AD, Hijazi style), transliterations of their text, and their edition. PALEOCORAN aims at the virtual reconstruction of the Fustat collection, a unified cataloguing of its approx. 360 fragments involved, and a documentation of their trajectories (e.g., Codex of Osman to Samarqand or Istanbul; European collections). The development of the Arabic script (palaeography, letter shapes, diacritical signs, vowel system) and the process of canonisation of the Quran will be studied on the basis of the evidence of the Fustat Bibliotheca Coranica.