Microidentities in Hellenistic and Roman Imperial Bithynia: Archaological Survey at Nikaia (Iznik / Turkey)

该研究项目涉及希腊和罗马帝国时期(约公元前300年至公元395年)Nicaea(伊兹尼克/土耳其)的物质文化。其目的是分类各自的来源，并就不同规模和结构的政治和文化空间中的集体身份问题进行分析。Nicaea是小亚细亚西北部Bithynia的一个具有区域影响的城邦。这是一个重要的例子，可以更好地理解所谓的罗马化的当地条件，即导致古代地中海世界文化融合的过程。Nicaea最初属于Bithynian国王的地区统治，成为罗马省“Bysinia et Pontus”的中心位置，最后，在罗马帝国分裂后，它是新住宅尼科米亚和君士坦丁堡腹地的一部分。同时，它也是整个Bithynia地区这些时期材料来源最全面的地方。在土耳其的集镇Iznik，各种古老的纪念碑要么被原地保存下来，要么作为后罗马建筑的石柱保存下来，或者保存在当地的博物馆里。在研究过程中，他们将被记录在包括古典考古学、建筑考古学和地球物理学在内的跨学科调查中。在此基础上，这些纪念碑将被用作来源，以回答以下问题：在哪些历史阶段，在哪些职能背景下，根据哪些社会群体，创造身份涉及地方特权，以及何时与比蒂尼亚传统、希腊文化或属于罗马帝国的传统等超地方叙述形成对比，变得更加重要。在此背景下，古镇被理解为交流的主要框架，各种微观身份在此进行谈判。研究项目是由Bursa的Uludag大学和柏林自由大学的考古研究所开展的大规模Nicaea研究合作的补充部分。其他部分包括对Nicaea经济基础的调查(Silvia Polla教授，柏林)，以及对其交通基础设施的研究(Mustafa Sahin教授，布尔萨)(Mustafa Sahin教授，Bursa)。作为一个整体，该项目将有助于更系统地了解鲜为人知的Bithynia考古学，同时作为古代领土微观历史的个案研究。

The research project deals with the material culture of Nicaea (Iznik / Turkey) during the Hellenistic and Roman Imperial periods (c. 300 BC to 395 AD). The aim is to catalogue the respective sources and to analyze them with respect to the problem of collective identities in political and cultural spaces of different scale and structure.Nicaea was a polis of regional impact in Bithynia in Northwestern Asia Minor. It is a significant example for a better understanding of the local conditioning of the so called romanization, i. e. the process that lead to a cultural integration of the ancient Mediterranean world. Originally belonging to the regional dominion of the Bithynian kings, Nicaea became a central place within the Roman province of "Bythinia et Pontus", and finally, after the splitting of the Roman empire, was part of the hinterland of the new residences Nikomedia and Constantinople. At the same time, it is the place with the most comprehensive material sources of these periods in whole Bithynia.Within the Turkish market town of Iznik, various ancient monuments are either preserved in situ or as spolia in post-Roman buildings, or kept in the local museum. In the course of the research they will be documented with an interdisciplinary survey including Classical Archaeology, Building Archaeology, and Geophysics. On this basis the monuments will be used as sources to answer the question during which historical phases, in which functional contexts, and depending on which social groups the creation of identities referred to local pecularities, and when in contrast to this supra-local narratives such as the traditions of Bithynia, the values of Hellenic culture or the belonging to the Roman empire became more important. In this context, the ancient town is understood as the primary framework of communication, wherein the various microidentities are negotiated.The research project is a complementary part of a large-scale cooperation for the study of Nicaea that is carried out by the Archaeological institutes of Bursa's Uludag University and Freie Universität Berlin. Other parts include an investigation into Nicaea's economical basis with an intensive, ceramic-based survey of the suburban areas (project Prof. Dr. Silvia Polla, Berlin), and research on its traffic infrastructure with a documentation of the ancient port of Iznik and the regional network of streets (Prof. Dr. Mustafa Sahin, Bursa). Taken as a whole, the project will contribute to a more systematic knowledge of the scarcely known archaeology of Bithynia and at the same time work as a case study for a microhistory of ancient territories.