Collaborative Proposal: Police Department as Organizational Machine: Effects of Body Worn Camera on the Work Dynamics and Performance of U.S. Police Departments

在美国警察部门采用随身携带的摄像机是对既定警务方式的挑战。这同样适用于执法机构和官员。对于机构来说，随身携带的摄像机是一种新的设备，必须通过适当的技术系统和使用政策来支持。摄像机还产生了大量的视频数据，警务组织也必须管理这些数据。考虑到这些需求，本项目将确定人体佩戴摄像机技术对美国警察部门个人工作动态和组织运作的影响。具体而言，该项目将开发一个更大的信息技术治理框架，以最大限度地发挥随身携带摄像头技术的价值，从而有效地开展警务行动。该项目将扩大公共部门组织的管理知识，这些组织越来越多地与可穿戴物联网技术（如身体穿戴摄像头）相结合，研究结果将为技术管理，法律和犯罪学以及信息系统的教育材料的开发提供信息。该项目的主要目标是为公共部门组织创建基于证据的组织理论和IT治理框架，这些组织越来越多地嵌入数字技术，特别是物联网技术。具体到随身携带的照相机对警务组织的影响，该项目探讨了三个问题：（1）《生物武器公约》系统引发了哪些个人工作动态和组织变化;（2）哪些技术社会治理机制有助于最大限度地发挥《生物武器公约》在完成警察部门使命方面的价值;以及（3）什么样的经验证据解释了生物武器公约对警察部门的业务和使命绩效的影响。本研究活动通过三个阶段的研究设计回答这些问题。首先，调查人员将通过分析从访谈、实地观察和文件分析中收集的数据，完成警察机构的定性案例研究。第二，根据个案研究的结果，并与参与机构合作，调查人员将制定一个信息技术管理框架，以最大限度地发挥随身摄像机技术在完成警察部门任务方面的价值。最后，从调查和公共来源收集的数据中，调查人员将分析佩戴式摄像机对美国各地警察部门的运作和使命表现的影响。

The adoption of body worn cameras in US police departments represents a challenge to established ways of policing. This applies to law enforcement agencies as much as officers. For agencies, body worn cameras represent a novel piece of equipment that must be supported through appropriate technological systems and usage policies. Cameras also produce an abundance of video data that policing organizations must manage as well. Considering these demands, this project will identify the impacts of body worn camera technologies on individual work dynamics and organizational operations in US police departments. Specifically, this project will develop a larger IT governance framework to maximize the value of body worn camera technologies for effective policing operations. This project will expand knowledge on the management of public sector organizations that are increasingly enmeshed with wearable Internet of Things technologies like body worn cameras, and research results will inform the development of educational materials in technology management, law and criminology, and information systems. A primary goal of this project is to create an evidence-based organization theory and IT governance framework for public sector organizations that are being increasingly embedded with digital technologies in general and Internet of Things technologies in particular. Specific to the impacts of body worn cameras (BWC) on policing organizations, this project addresses three questions: (1) What individual work dynamics and organizational changes are induced by BWC systems; (2) what technosocial governance mechanisms help maximize the value of BWCs in accomplishing police departments' mission; and (3) what empirical evidence explains the effects of BWCs on the operational and mission performance of police departments. This research activity answers these questions through a three-stage research design. First, the investigators will complete qualitative case studies of police agencies by analyzing data collected from interviews, field observations, and document analyses. Second, drawing upon the results of the case studies and in collaboration with participating agencies, the investigators will develop an IT governance framework to maximize the value of body worn camera technologies in accomplishing police departments' missions. Lastly, drawing from data that will be collected through survey and public sources, the investigators will analyze the effect of body worn cameras on the operational and mission performance of police departments across the US.