Collaborative Research: Coordinated Resonance and Rayleigh Lidar Studies of the Arctic Atmosphere and Geospace Environment

该奖项将升级位于阿拉斯加(65北纬，147瓦)扑克平原研究靶场(PFRR)的高层大气激光雷达设施，以实现利用钠层的共振后向散射回波测量中间层和低热层(MLT)区域的风和温度(W&A；T)的能力，以获得这些结果。该仪器将用于开展相关研究，以应对中间层和低热层(MLT)极地动力学方面的新挑战，并扩大正在进行的研究离子-中性耦合过程的工作。该奖项的一个关键内容将是将目前在挪威北极激光雷达中层大气研究天文台(北纬69度，东经16度)的Na共振风温激光雷达转移到位于PFRR的激光雷达研究实验室(LRL)。当这个激光雷达系统在扑克平台建立时，将能够以高垂直分辨率和时间节奏测量三维风、中性温度和钠密度分布。激光雷达的覆盖范围通常是80-105公里，当中性钠出现在较高的高度时(零星的层形成)，可以延伸到较低的热层……140公里。这项研究的主要科学目标包括以下目标：1.描述不同环境中重力波(GW)的传播、折射、导流以及能量和动量传输，例如MLT对平流层变暖的响应；2.量化GW不稳定性动力学驱动能量和动量沉积、湍流、热量、动量和成分传输，以及混合；3.了解GW与潮汐和行星波的相互作用，它们对这些场的影响，以及波谱随海拔的演变，以及4.有助于更好地理解E区的离子-中性耦合。使用PFRR激光雷达系统的研究将受益于PFRR目前和即将进行的测量能力，包括中性和等离子体动态的地面成像、建造新的流星雷达，以及可能通过待定和未来火箭测量进行的现场测量。PFRR激光雷达团队还拥有广泛的建模能力，这将继续有利于对激光雷达和相关仪器测量的解释和理解。

This award would would upgrade the upper atmosphere lidar facility located at the Poker Flat Research Range (PFRR), Alaska (65N, 147W) to achieve a wind and temperature (W&T) measurement capability for the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region using the resonance backscatter returns from the sodium layer to obtain these results. This instrument would be applied to undertake correlative studies addressing new challenges in mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) polar dynamics as well as extending ongoing work on the study of ion-neutral coupling processes. A key element of the award would be the transfer of the Na resonance wind-temperature lidar, currently at the Arctic Lidar Observatory for Middle Atmosphere Research, Norway (69N, 16E), to the Lidar Research Laboratory (LRL) at PFRR. This lidar system when established at Poker Flat would be capable of measuring three-dimensional wind, neutral temperature and sodium density profiles at high vertical resolution and temporal cadence. The lidar range coverage would normally be 80-105 km, and when neutral Na is present at higher altitudes (sporadic layer formations) can then be extended up to ¡­140 km into the lower thermosphere. This facility will represent an excellent means of training young optical engineering physicists that would then be well suited for many possible career paths in academia and industrial research.The major scientific goals of the research include the following objectives: 1. characterization of gravity wave (GW) propagation, refraction, ducting, and energy and momentum transports in variable environments, e.g., MLT responses to stratospheric warmings, 2. quantification of GW instability dynamics driving energy and momentum deposition, turbulence, heat, momentum, and constituent transports, and mixing, 3. understanding the interactions of GWs with tides and planetary waves, their influences on these fields, and the evolution of the wave spectrum with altitude, and 4. contributing to an improved understanding of ion-neutral coupling in the E region. Studies employing the PFRR lidar system will benefit from current and pending measurement capabilities at PFRR, including ground-based imaging of neutral and plasma dynamics, the construction of a new meteor radar, and in situ measurements made possibly by pending and future rocket measurements. The PFRR lidar team also has extensive modeling capabilities that will continue to benefit the interpretation and understanding of lidar and correlative instrument measurements.