SBP: Workshop: Expanding Linguistic Science By Broadening Native American Participation

美国国会于1990年通过的《美洲原住民语言法》承认了美洲原住民语言的独特地位和重要性。同样，语言学领域强调美洲原住民语言的重要性，不仅因为语言作为文化和身份载体的内在价值，而且还涉及科学问题，这些问题的答案在于这些语言的不同语法特征，词汇和使用模式。然而，很少有人认识到，美洲原住民社区对他们的语言持有同样重要和同样多样化的想法-这些想法反映了美洲原住民的知识传统，文化规范和当代需求。该项目的重点是通过一个研讨会，在该研讨会上，美国印第安人和阿拉斯加土著语言从业者（例如，公民科学家、语言项目协调员、教育工作者、语言活动家）和专业语言学家将就这些问题进行对话。因此，该项目将测试一种通过代表性不足的群体的参与来扩大科学的模式，强调该群体的知识工具和文化价值观，为扩大参与的科学做出贡献。该项目的想法将广泛传播，项目介绍和其他材料将在网上共享并存档供他人使用。更广泛的影响还包括美洲原住民越来越多地参与语言科学，非原住民研究生的发展和培训，以及通过美国语言学会在线传播研讨会成果，视频和内容，该学会是世界上最大的专业学会，致力于语言的科学研究。该研讨会由两位美洲土著语言学家共同主持，将通过促进学术空间来探索和扩大知识透镜，从而提高语言科学，语言学的目标，问题和方法是框架。通过一个合作模式，其中有共同利益，但不同类型的专业知识的人互相培训，该项目旨在通过一种方法，使美国原住民同事平等地与来自其他背景的同事，以增加美国原住民在语言科学的代表性。这个项目的动机是一个如何应用语言多样性的一般性问题，广义上包括对语言的看法，作为指导和扩大科学探究的基础。它对美洲原住民语言思想的具体关注来自美国国会，语言学领域和美洲原住民社区对促进美洲原住民语言的共同承诺。该研讨会将在美国语言学家首屈一指的专业会议美国语言学会2018年年会之前举行。项目小组将通过竞争性申请程序挑选讲习班参加者;挑选标准将包括有文件证明的项目主题方面的专门知识和对项目主题的承诺。该研讨会将包括一个讲座，以语境语言学的历史及其当前的重点领域，一个会议中，与会者分享他们的个人定义的“语言”，并就核心项目主题的几个合作讨论。研讨会的与会者将参加美国语言学会年会的其余部分，其中将包括一个研讨会，与语言学家的大量观众分享研讨会产生的想法。

The Native American Languages Act, passed by the U.S. Congress in 1990, enacted into policy the recognition of the unique status and importance of Native American languages. Similarly, the field of linguistics emphasizes the importance of Native American languages, not only because of languages' intrinsic value as bearers of culture and identity, but also with reference to scientific questions whose answers lie in the diverse grammatical features, vocabularies, and usage patterns of these languages. Less recognized, however, is that there is an equally important and similarly diverse set of ideas held in Native American communities about their languages -- ideas that reflect Native American intellectual traditions, cultural norms, and contemporary needs. This project focuses on identifying, disseminating, and applying Native American ideas about language in linguistic science through a workshop at which American Indian and Alaska Native language practitioners (e.g., citizen scientists, language program coordinators, educators, language activists) and professional linguists will engage in dialogue about these issues. This project will thus test a model of expanding science through the participation of an underrepresented group in a way that emphasizes the intellectual tools and cultural values of that group, contributing to the science of broadening participation. The ideas from this project will be widely disseminated, with project presentations and other materials shared online and archived for others' use. Broader impacts also include the increased participation of Native Americans in the language sciences, the development and training of non-Native graduate students, and the online dissemination of workshop outcomes, videos and content through the Linguistic Society of America, the largest professional society in the world dedicated to the scientific study of language. Co-chaired by two Native American linguists, this workshop will improve linguistic science by fostering a scholarly space to explore and to expand the intellectual lens through which the goals, questions and methods of linguistics are framed. Through a collaborative model in which people who have shared interests but different types of expertise train each other, this project seeks to increase the representation of Native Americans in language sciences through an approach that puts Native American colleagues on equal footing with colleagues from other backgrounds. Motivating this project is a general question of how to apply linguistic diversity, broadly defined to include views about language, as a base to guide and expand scientific inquiry. Its specific focus on Native American ideas about language emerges from the shared commitment of the U.S. Congress, the field of linguistics, and Native American communities to promoting Native American languages. The workshop will occur immediately prior to the 2018 annual meeting of the Linguistic Society of America, the premier professional conference of American linguists. The project team will select workshop participants through a competitive application process; selection criteria will include documented expertise in, and commitment to, project themes. The workshop will include a lecture to contextualize the history of linguistics and its current areas of focus, a session in which participants share their personal definitions of "language," and several collaborative discussions on core project themes. Workshop participants will then attend the rest of the Linguistic Society of America annual meeting, which will include a symposium to share the ideas that emerge from the workshop with a large audience of linguists.