SBIR Phase I: Achieving a scalable Earthquake Early Warning System (EEWS) with a sub-second response

这个小企业创新研究（SBIR）第一阶段项目的更广泛的影响/商业潜力实现了地震多发地区广泛的地震传感器网络。随着传感器网络的广泛普及，这种智能的实时地震检测系统可以在震中附近的一秒钟内检测到地震，并在震动到达之前通知远离震中的其他用户，有效地为社会创造了地震预警系统。智能地震监测系统的基础设施可以改造为检测其他自然灾害，如山体滑坡，火山爆发，矿井爆炸，产生更大的社会和经济效益。有了这项技术，我们可以从城市中成千上万个地点收集密集的地震数据，而不是我们目前拥有的一些稀疏的地震记录，从而对城市中的地震危险进行逐块的风险评估。这些密集的数据有望在当前的地震灾害地图上提高几个数量级，并帮助第一响应者，灾难建模者，主要保险和再保险公司，城市规划者和建筑物所有者更好地评估地震灾害风险。风险地图的粒度水平有可能提高社会对地震灾害风险的认识。拟议的项目使用智能手机，平板电脑和固定物联网设备实现密集和混合地震网络。该项目的一个潜在成果是下一代地震预警系统，该系统具有亚秒级的响应能力，可以将智能手机、平板电脑和大型物联网生态系统的其他传感器重新用于地震传感器网络。为了实现秒以下的性能，一种新的地震预警系统可以扩展来自多个源的海量数据流，使传感器和服务器在几分之一秒内进行通信，最终建立一个新的推送通知框架，在不到一秒的时间内提醒数十万人。

The broader impact/commercial potential of this Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project achieves a widespread earthquake sensor network in the earthquake-prone regions. With this wide prevalence of the sensor network, this smart, real-time earthquake detection system can detect an earthquake within a second near an epicenter and notify the other users away from the epicenter before the shakings arrive, effectively creating an earthquake early warning system for society. This same infrastructure of the smart earthquake monitoring system can be transformed to detect other natural hazards such as landslides, volcano eruptions, mine explosions, generating larger social and economic benefits. With this technology, instead of some sparse seismic recordings that we have currently, we can collect dense earthquake data from tens of thousands of locations in cities, providing a block-by-block risk-assessment of earthquake hazards in cities. This dense data promises several orders of magnitude improvement in the current earthquake hazard maps and helps the first responders, catastrophic modelers, primary insurance and reinsurance companies, city planners, and building owners to better assess the earthquake hazard risks. The granular level of the risk maps has the potential to increase the awareness of earthquake hazard risk in society.The proposed project achieves a dense and hybrid seismic network using smartphones, tablets, and stationary IoT devices. A potential outcome of this project is a next-generation Earthquake Early Warning System with a sub-second response that repurposes smartphones, tablets, and other sensors of a large IoT ecosystem for the earthquake sensor network. To achieve the performance under a second, a new earthquake early warning system that scales the massive data streaming from multiple sources, enables sensor and server communication in the fraction of a second, finally builds a new push notification framework to alert hundreds of thousands in less than a second.