CAREER: Advanced Subsurface Imaging Across USArray and Intermountain Seismic Belt Using Dense Seismic Arrays

该项目将支持大陆和地方尺度的大数据地震学研究。研究的重点是改进现有的地震成像方法，以达到前所未有的分辨率，更好地确定地球内部结构。在大陆尺度上，这项研究将利用通过社区驱动的地震实验收集的数据，即EarthScope USArray，在毗邻的美国和阿拉斯加下方建立三维地壳和上地幔模型。3D模型将用于更好地了解盆地形成、山脉建造以及火山和地震活动等构造过程。在当地范围内，将在黄石国家公园和盐湖城周围部署临时地震阵列，以更好地分别确定岩浆和盆地结构。这项研究揭示的详细地壳结构将有助于更好地了解这些地区内潜在的火山和地震危险。通过这项研究，该项目将支持本科生和研究生教育，以及K-12教育地球科学材料的开发，以满足下一代科学标准。该项目针对两个与利用大N地震阵列的先进阵列成像相关的研究。首先，利用USArray数据，该项目旨在改进当前的宽带环境噪声和面波层析成像方法，通过联合反演面波频散、瑞雷波椭圆度、面波放大和接收函数测量，同时解析三维速度和密度结构。此外，将研究使用方向相关测量观测到的神秘的1-psi表观各向异性信号，以更好地确定地形边界的锐度。本项目中建立的速度和密度模型将用于评估北美主要构造过程的性质。第二，该项目将支持在山间地震带(ISB)内的几个地点部署大N节点检波器阵列。黄石公园和盐湖谷这两个地点将对这项研究特别感兴趣。通过应用环境噪声层析成像和接收函数分析，并使用不同的密集阵列配置，该项目旨在解决黄石岩浆弧度和盐湖盆地的精确几何形状，这两个几何形状对确定区域火山和地震灾害具有重要意义。更广泛的影响将支持本科生和研究生教育。它们包括开发符合下一代科学标准的K-12级地球科学材料。此外，PI将与黄石国家公园合作，向公园的无数游客通报这项研究的新科学发现。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This project will support big data seismology research on both continental and local scales. The focus of the research is to advance current seismic imaging methods aimed at achieving an unprecedented resolution to better determine interior earth structure. On the continental scale, the research will leverage data collected through the community-driven seismic experiment, namely the EarthScope USArray, to construct 3D crustal and upper mantle models beneath the contiguous United States and Alaska. The 3D models will be used to better understand the tectonic processes such as the basin formation, mountain building, and volcanic and earthquake activities. On the local scale, temporary seismic arrays will be deployed within Yellowstone National Park and around Salt Lake City to better determine the magmatic and basin structures, respectively. The detailed crustal structures revealed by this study will lead to better understanding of the potential volcanic and earthquake hazards within these areas. Through the research, the project will support undergraduate and graduate education as well as the development of K-12 educational earth science materials that address the Next Generation Science Standards.This project targets two lines of research related to advanced array imaging utilizing large N seismic arrays. First, using USArray data, the project aims to advance the current broadband ambient noise and surface wave tomography methods to resolve 3D velocity and density structure simultaneously by jointly inverting surface wave dispersion, Rayleigh wave ellipticity, surface wave amplification, and receiver function measurements. Moreover, the enigmatic 1-psi apparent anisotropy signals observed using directionally dependent measurements will be studied to better determine the sharpness of physiographic boundaries. The velocity and density model constructed in this project will be used to evaluate the nature of the major tectonic processes in the North America. Second, the project will support the deployment of large-N nodal geophone arrays in several locations within the Intermountain Seismic Belt (ISB). Two locations, Yellowstone and Salt Lake Valley, will be of particular interest in this study. By applying ambient noise tomography and receiver function analysis and using different dense array configurations, the project aims to resolve the precise geometries of the Yellowstone magma camber and the Salt Lake Basin, which are of great importance to the determination of the regional volcanic and seismic hazards, respectively. Broader impacts will support undergraduate and graduate education. They include developing earth science materials at the K-12 level that are in line with the Next Generation Science Standards. In addition, the PI will work with the Yellowstone National Park to inform the myriad of visitors to the park on the new scientific findings from this research.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.