Norovirus persistence in surface water

人诺如病毒引起严重的胃肠道疾病。尽管它通常在水中发现，但很少有工作来检查病毒在湖泊，河流和海洋等表面沃茨中的生存能力。在这个项目中，研究人员将调查人类诺如病毒在地表沃茨中存活多久。所产生的知识将为地表沃茨的管理以及废水和水处理工艺的设计提供信息。 该项目解决了保护人类健康的高度优先研究需求。这些教育活动将使从学龄前儿童到终身研究人员的学习者受益。 人诺如病毒（hNoV）是全球胃肠炎的主要病因，并且是娱乐性水传播疾病的最重要病因。该项目的目标是填补hNoV在地表水中持久性方面的关键知识空白。这项研究包括协调实验室，围隔生态系统和建模研究。我们的目标是开发一个可推广的预测模型hNoV失活在广泛的条件下相关的表面沃茨。hNoV不能容易地培养，因此hNoV灭活将使用旨在区分感染性与非感染性hNoV并研究hNoV灭活机制（衣壳损伤和基因组损伤）的分子方法来近似。这项工作将在理解hNoV在水中的持久性方面取得新的进展，并将对地表沃茨的管理产生直接影响，以保护人类健康。这项研究还将通过提供可能适用于其他病毒的hNoV失活机制的新见解来推进应用微生物学和病毒学领域。在加州和全国范围内的环境保护局与海滩经理社区的联系？科学和技术办公室将通过在工作组会议上的发言进行。研究小组向这两个小组提供的信息可以为国家水质标准提供信息。该项目小组将为学龄前儿童制定关于微生物的新课程，并将结果纳入课堂教学。研究生将攻读博士研究，本科生将在本项目的过程中获得研究经验。项目团队将与斯坦福大学的多样性项目合作，确定代表性不足的学生参加拟议的工作。为了促进这项研究，该团队将参加当地的科学节。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Human norovirus causes severe gastrointestinal illness. Even though it is commonly found in water, there has been little work to examine the survivability of the virus in surface waters like lakes, rivers, and oceans. In this project, researchers will investigate how long human norovirus survives in surface waters. The generated knowledge will inform the management of surface waters and the design of wastewater and water treatment processes. The project addresses a high priority research need to protect human health. The educational activities will benefit learners from preschoolers to tenured researchers. Human norovirus (hNoV) is the leading global cause of gastroenteritis and is the most important etiology of recreational waterborne illness. The objective of this project is to fill the critical knowledge gap in hNoV persistence in surface water. This research consists of coordinated laboratory, mesocosm, and modeling studies. The goal is to develop a generalizable predictive model for hNoV inactivation under a wide range of conditions relevant to surface waters. hNoV cannot be readily cultured, so hNoV inactivation will be approximated using molecular methods that aim to differentiate infectious from non-infectious hNoV and investigate the mechanism of hNoV inactivation (capsid damage and genome lesions). The work will yield novel advances in the understanding of hNoV persistence in water, and it will have immediate implications for the management of surface waters for the protection of human health. This research will also advance the field of applied microbiology and virology by providing new insights into mechanisms of hNoV inactivation that may be applied to other viruses. Outreach to the beach manager community in California and nationally at EPA?s Office of Science & Technology will take place through presentations at working group meetings. Information provided to these two groups by the research team can inform national water quality standards for viruses. The project team will develop new curricula on microorganisms for preschool children and will also integrate the results into classroom instruction. A graduate student will pursue PhD research and undergraduate students will gain research experience during the course of this project. The project team will work with the diversity program Stanford University to identify underrepresented students to participate in the proposed work. In order to promote this research, the team will participate in a local science festival.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.