Field Measurements of Trace Gas Reactions at the Air-Ocean Interface

该项目的重点是海洋表面活性气体的排放。众所周知，海洋浮游植物和细菌会产生各种各样的活性气体，随后排放到大气中。最近的实验室实验表明，海洋表面的化学和光化学反应也可能产生大量的活性气体。该项目旨在确定各种活性气体的海-空排放率以及这些分子在海水中的主要产生机制。这项研究将为海洋活性气体排放对氧化剂浓度和二次有机气溶胶颗粒产生率的影响提供新的定量见解。这项研究的具体目标是：（1）测量含氧挥发性有机化合物（oVOC）的海气通量，（2）使用来自收集的海水的oVOC排放率的现场测量，在生物化学、光化学和非均相反应途径之间划分观察到的通量，以及（3）确定控制在海气界面产生挥发性有机化合物排放速率和产生途径的因素。为了实现这些目标，我们将通过涡动协方差对oVOC和臭氧的海气通量进行新的测量，同时对收集的海水中的oVOC排放进行流反应器测量，作为光强度和氧化剂暴露的函数。这里的工作将占博士学位的大部分。威斯康星州（UW）麦迪逊大学的两名化学研究生的论文。实地工作的元素将作为多个UW麦迪逊本科独立研究项目的基础。本项目还将允许主要研究者（PI）和博士继续参与。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This project focuses on the emission of reactive gases from the surface of the ocean. It is well known that marine phytoplankton and bacteria produce a wide array of reactive gases that are subsequently emitted to the atmosphere. Recent laboratory experiments have suggested that chemical and photochemical reactions at the surface of the ocean may also produce significant quantities of reactive gases. This project is designed to determine both the sea-to-air emission rate of a wide array of reactive gases and the dominant production mechanisms for these molecules in seawater. This research will provide new, quantitative insight on the impact of marine reactive gas emissions on oxidant concentrations and the production rate of secondary organic aerosol particles. The specific objectives of this research are: (1) to measure the air-sea flux of oxygenated volatile organic compounds (oVOCs), (2) to partition the observed flux between biochemical, photochemical, and heterogeneous reaction pathways using in field measurements of oVOC emission rates from collected seawater, and (3) to determine that factors that control the emission rate and production pathways for oVOC production at the air-sea interface. To carry out these objectives we will make new measurements of the air-sea flux of oVOCs and ozone via eddy covariance alongside flow reactor measurements of oVOC emission from collected seawater as a function of light intensity and oxidant exposure. The work here will make up the larger part of the Ph.D. theses for two chemistry graduate students at University of Wisconsin (UW) Madison. Elements of the field work will serve as the foundation for multiple UW Madison undergraduate independent research projects. This project will also permit the continued involvement of the Principal Investigator (PI) and Ph.D. students in education and outreach activities that bring small sensor technology to high school classrooms around the state of Wisconsin.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.