NSF BSF: The Effect of Spanwise Landscape Heterogeneities on the Hydrological Cycle in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer

在地形变化上的风流经常会引入环流，从而在小尺度上影响温度和蒸发。 关于这个主题的大多数先前的工作都是针对从一种类型的表面流向另一种类型的表面的风，例如从树木繁茂的地区流向开阔的田野。 这项研究将着眼于当风与陆地表面类型之间的边界方向相同时形成的环流。 这项工作对维持美国西南部等非常干旱地区的农业具有重要意义。 除了水资源，了解这些流动也可能对花粉，灰尘和农药运输以及蚜虫的移动产生影响。 该奖项也代表了与以色列科学家的国际合作。该奖项是由美国国家科学基金会和美国国家科学基金会资助的研究人员之间的国际合作。以色列两国科学基金会。研究小组计划研究景观异质性对小规模大气流动的作用。 大量的研究已经发生在垂直于流动的景观变化上，但对景观变化沿着流动矢量时建立的环流却没有那么多。 该项目的总体目的是推进大气边界层湍流的基本理解时，应对突然景观异质性的存在。 研究小组将系统地探讨植物冠层空气动力学特性的展向不均匀性如何引起二次卷，这对蒸散和热通量有重要影响。 这项工作将利用大涡模拟建模（美国部分）和实验室研究，使用12米的环境风洞与粒子图像测速和恒温风速测量（以色列部分）。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得支持的，通过评估使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。

Wind flow over changes in the landscape often introduce circulations that can impact temperature and evaporation on small scales. Most of the prior work on this subject has been for winds that flow from one type of surface to another, such as from a wooded area to an open field. This study will instead look at the circulations that form when the wind is blowing in the same direction as the boundary between land surface types. This work has important implications for sustaining agriculture in very dry areas, such as the southwestern United States. In addition to water resources, understanding these flows may also have impacts on pollen, dust, and pesticide transport and the movement of aphids. The award also represents an international collaboration with scientists from Israel.This award is an international collaboration among researchers funded by the U.S. National Science Foundation and the U.S.-Israel Binational Science Foundation. The research team plans to study the role of landscape heterogeneities on small-scale atmospheric flows. A significant amount of research has taken place on landscape changes that are perpendicular to the flow, but not as much on the circulations that set up when the landscape changes are along the flow vector. The overall intent of the project is to advance fundamental understanding of atmospheric boundary layer turbulence when responding to the presence of abrupt landscape heterogeneities. The research team will systematically explore how spanwise heterogeneity of the aerodynamics characteristics of vegetative canopies induces secondary rolls, which have major implications for evapotranspiration and heat fluxes. The work will make use of large-eddy simulation modeling (US component) and laboratory studies using a 12m environmental wind tunnel with particle image velocimetry and constant temperature anemometry measurements (Israel component).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.