W-Band High Efficiency Power Amplifier in CMOS-Technologie

在拟议的项目中，旨在开发覆盖整个W频段的集成高效宽带功率放大器(BBPA)。预计将采用32 nm的cmos工艺制造功率放大器。建议的高效BBPA是毫米波超高速数据通信系统中最具挑战性的组件。我们的建议是在与TUHH的密切协调和合作下建立的，Jacob教授。TUHH方案的重点是宽带圆极化天线，以及随后将我们的CMOSPA集成到系统级封装中，这构成了集成W波段发射机的基础。低成本的3D集成工艺用于集成和封装基于喇叭天线阵列的CMOSPAS到集成发射机。我们共同的项目思想背后是意识到，在100 GHz及以上实现高效发射前端的主要问题是片上功率合成损耗。利用阵列天线的自由空间组合是克服这一问题的一种非常有趣的替代方案。相反，应使用具有差分馈电端口的天线元件(例如偶极子、脊形波导)。利用该概念，可以同时避免单端设计的源极电感和输出巴伦的损耗，并通过采用叠层晶体管来提高功率放大器的输出功率和效率。堆叠式晶体管单元是一种电压合成器，可以增强输出阻抗，从而降低电流损耗。该项目的最终目标是实现一个由功率放大器和单、双圆极化天线或小型天线阵列(如2x2)组成的高效集成W波段发射模块。

In the proposed project, the development of an integrated high efficiency broadband power amplifier (BBPA) covering the full W-band is intended. A 32 nm CMOS-process is foreseen for the fabrication of the PA. The proposed highly efficient BBPA is belonging to the most challenging components of ultra-high data rate communication systems at mm-wave frequencies.Our proposal was established in close coordination and collaboration with TUHH, Prof. Jacob. The focus of the TUHH proposal is a wideband circularly polarized antenna and the subsequent integration of our CMOS PA to a system-in-package that forms the fundament for an integrated Wband transmitter. A low-cost 3D integration process should be used for integration and packaging of the CMOS PAs with a horn antenna based array to an integrated transmitter.Behind our common project idea is the awareness, that the major problem concerning the realization of a high efficiency transmitting front-end at and beyond 100 GHz is the on-chip power combining loss. Free space combining using array antennas is a highly interesting alternative to overcome that issue.The CMOS power amplifier should be based on a differential design without balun at the output. Instead, antenna elements with differential feeding ports (e.g. dipoles, ridged waveguides) should be applied. By that concept the source inductance of single ended designs and the loss of the output balun can be avoided at the same time.Output power and efficiency of the PA should be improved by applying stacked transistors. Stacked transistor cells are voltage combiners that enhance the output impedance and hence reduce the current losses.The final goal of the project is a highly efficient integrated W-band transmit module consisting of power amplifier and single or dual circular polarized antenna or small antenna array (e.g. 2x2).