SCH: INT: Opioid Overdose Detection and Reversal Using Sensors and Mobile Devices

该项目旨在利用技术在解决美国阿片类药物过量的国家紧急情况方面取得重大进展。高剂量的阿片类药物可导致呼吸迅速停止、呼吸衰竭和死亡，这是人们通常因意外过量服用阿片类药物而死亡的生理顺序。然而，与许多危及生命的医疗紧急情况不同，阿片类药物毒性很容易通过快速识别和使用过量解毒剂纳洛酮而逆转。因此，早期发现和快速干预可以防止阿片类药物过量死亡。该项目将设计和部署解决方案(i)通过识别其呼吸前体来检测阿片类药物过量，以及（ii）采用粘合剂传感器，当检测到危险的呼吸参数时，可以使用自动注射器自动给药纳洛酮。该项目将开发基础技术，帮助检测阿片类药物过量，并使用可穿戴传感器和移动设备进行逆转。具体来说，该提案如果成功，将作出以下技术贡献：1)设计一种新颖、低屏障、减少伤害的干预解决方案，利用主动声纳以非接触方式跟踪呼吸，以检测阿片类药物过量的关键呼吸前体；2)一种新型可穿戴电子设备，与自动注射器集成，在检测到与阿片类药物过量事件一致的呼吸参数后，提供过量解毒剂纳洛酮。开发的技术将在目标人群中进行测试和部署，以评估其功效。该项目旨在利用闭环系统识别和逆转阿片类药物过量事件，在开发能够解决阿片类药物危机的技术方面取得重大进展。该团队将与现有的行业合作者合作，实现技术转让，并将已开发的技术转化为工业。该团队还将通过K-12课堂演示以及广泛的媒体发布，接触到有抱负的一代工程和医学学生。将开设一门新的移动卫生研究生课程，汇集计算机和工程专业的学生以及卫生科学专业的学生。最后，智能手机的演示将在DawgBytes夏令营和华盛顿大学的妇女倡议中展示，该倡议鼓励多元化的新一代学生主修计算机科学，包括初中和高中的女性。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The project aims to make significant inroads into addressing the national emergency of opioid overdose in the United States using technology. At high doses, opioids can cause rapid cessation of breathing, respiratory failure and death, the physiologic sequence by which people commonly succumb from unintentional opioid overdose. Unlike many life-threatening medical emergencies, however, opioid toxicity is readily reversed with rapid identification and administration of the overdose antidote naloxone. Thus, early detection and rapid intervention can prevent death from opioid overdose. This project will design and deploy solutions (i) that can detect opioid overdose by identifying its respiratory precursors and (ii) that employ an adhesive sensor that can automatically administer naloxone using an auto-injector when dangerous respiratory parameters are detected. The project will develop foundational technologies that can aid with opioid overdose detection as well as reversal using wearable sensors and mobile devices. Specifically, the proposal, if successful, would make the following technical contributions: 1) design a novel, low-barrier, harm-reduction intervention solution to track breathing in a contactless manner using active sonar in order to detect critical respiratory precursors of opioid overdose, and 2) a new wearable electronic device that is integrated with an auto-injector to deliver naloxone, the overdose antidote, after detecting respiratory parameters consistent with an opioid overdose event. The developed technologies will be tested and deployed with the target population to evaluate their efficacy. The project aims to make significant progress towards developing technology that can address the opioid crisis, using a closed loop system for identification and reversal of opioid overdose events. The team will work with existing industry collaborators to enable tech-transfer and transitioning the developed technologies to industry. The team will also reach out to an aspiring generation of engineering and medical students via K-12 classroom demonstrations as well as broad media releases. A new graduate course on mobile health will be developed that brings together computing and engineering students and students from the health sciences. Finally, smartphone demos will be showcased at DawgBytes Summer Camps and the University of Washington's Women's Initiative that encourage a diverse new generation of students to major in computer science, including women in middle and high schools.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.