ABR: CSR: Medium: Collaborative Research: FTFS: A Read/Write Optimized Fractal Tree File System

计算机应用程序依赖于文件系统来安全有效地读取、写入和访问用户数据。不幸的是，传统的文件系统设计使一些应用程序以牺牲其他应用程序为代价而快速;类似地，大多数文件系统被设计为在一种特定类型的存储设备上良好地执行，诸如硬盘驱动器（HDD）或基于闪存的固态驱动器（SSD）。目前，各种各样的最终用户没有意识到其存储硬件的全部性能潜力，除非他们能够选择与其特定工作负载和硬件匹配良好的文件系统。BetrFS文件系统原型上的先前工作表明，通过更好的磁盘数据结构，可以构建一个单一的文件系统，该文件系统大致匹配或超过HDD上任何工作负载的最佳文件系统的性能。 该项目将通过系统和理论研究人员之间紧密的跨学科合作来实现这些性能提升，并将其扩展到更广泛的存储硬件，从复杂的存档设备（如叠瓦式磁记录驱动器）到非常快速的闪存设备（如非易失性存储器快速设备）。 本项目还将研究一种更有效的目录级克隆方法，这是服务器工作负载和个人计算系统的有用构建块。 通过使大量应用程序在一系列存储硬件上运行得更快，该项目可以带来显著的实际好处。 存储硬件变得越来越多样化，该项目可以帮助任何应用程序的性能适应未来，从商业到医疗保健到科学计算再到教育。 该项目涉及将这些想法从研究转化为实践的重要组成部分，包括成熟的开源BetrFS原型，以及继续为从业者提供宣传和教程。 该项目将继续培训本科生和研究生设计、分析、构建和测量算法健全的计算机系统，这些系统与他们以前见过的任何系统都不同。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Computer applications rely on file systems to read, write, and access user data safely and efficiently. Unfortunately, conventional file system designs make some applications fast at the expense of others; similarly, most file systems are designed to perform well on one particular type of storage device, such as a hard disk drive (HDD) or flash-based solid-state drive (SSD). Currently, a wide variety of end-users do not realize the full performance potential of their storage hardware, unless they are able to select a file system that is well-matched to their specific workload and hardware. Prior work on the BetrFS file system prototype demonstrated that, with better on-disk data structures, it is possible to build a single file system that roughly matches or exceeds the performance of the best file system for any workload on an HDD. This project will extend these performance gains, which are enabled by a tight, cross-disciplinary collaboration between systems and theory researchers, to a wider range of storage hardware, ranging from complex, archival devices (such as shingled magnetic recording drives), to very fast flash devices (such as non-volatile memory express devices). This project will also investigate a more efficient approach to directory-level cloning, a useful building block for both server workloads and personal computing systems. By making a large swath of applications run faster across a range of storage hardware, this project can have significant real-world benefits. Storage hardware is becoming increasingly varied, and this project can help future-proof the performance of any application, from commerce to health-care to scientific computing to education. This project involves an important component to transition these ideas from research to practice, including maturing the open-source BetrFS prototype, as well as continuing outreach and tutorials for practitioners. This project will continue training both undergraduate and graduate students to design, analyze, build, and measure algorithmically sound computer systems that are unlike anything they have seen previously.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.