CoPe EAGER: Nearshore Extreme Events Reconnaissance (NEER) Association

近岸地区是海洋和河口过程与陆地过程和建筑环境相互作用的地方，对国家安全、经济、交通和娱乐至关重要。然而，沿海社区面临着大风暴的风险，最近的飓风艾琳（2011年）、桑迪（2012年）、马修（2016年）、哈维（2017年）、伊尔玛（2017年）、玛丽亚（2017年）、佛罗伦萨（2018年）和迈克尔（2018年）都突显了这一点。与沿海风暴有关的经济损失大大增加，主要是由于危险沿海地区人口和发展的增加。随着强风暴频率的增加，社区、基础设施、生态系统和栖息地将面临越来越大的风暴影响威胁。尽管沿海地区很重要，但在大风暴期间很少有实地观测。大风暴发展迅速，侦察小组必须迅速动员，以获得风暴前的现场特征，并部署仪器，在风暴期间收集有价值的易腐测量数据。通过传统的NSF项目，无法灵活地组建广泛的、跨学科的科学团队来解决系统假设。根据探索性研究（EAGER）的早期概念拨款建立的近岸极端事件侦察（NEER）协会将使多学科研究人员能够协调和部署，以收集从风暴引起的沿海灾害中学习所需的易腐数据。由此产生的观测结果将有助于科学和工程界理解和预测自然系统、建筑环境和社会经济结构对极端风暴影响的相互交织的反应，从而改善沿海管理策略并降低风险。NEER协会将吸纳和培训新成员，包括学生和博士后，以确保海岸风暴研究人员的群体不断壮大。国家近岸极端事件侦察（NEER）协会将(i)建立一个由学术、联邦和行业科学家和实践者组成的网络，（ii）协调和部署跨学科风暴响应小组，（iii）为现场小组提供后勤支持，（iv）促进结果数据和发现的广泛传播。国家应急方案成员将建立一个关于可能的实地地点和应急管理联系的数据库，并将培训其当地社区确定关键的区域问题。当风暴即将来临时，将选择现场团队成员来获取数据，这些数据将用于解决与受影响地区和风暴特征相关的跨学科问题。这些团队将在极端风暴之前和之后进行现场表征，并将在风暴期间收集可用于开发近岸系统新概念的测量数据。通过跨传统的不同学科的合作，这个由学术、机构和行业研究人员组成的社区将整合不同的观点、方法和目标，从而促进新的长期合作的发展，并促进工具的共同开发和对近岸系统的理解的集成。NEER协会将参与nsf资助的CONVERGE领导团队，并将与nsf支持的其他极端事件侦察小组（eer）进行协调，包括跨学科科学与工程（ISEEER）、岩土与结构工程（GEER和StEER）、操作与系统工程（OSEER）和社会科学（SSEER）的努力。仪器需求将与nsf支持的自然灾害工程研究基础设施（NHERI） RAPID设施协调，通信和数据传播将与NHERI网络基础设施DesignSafe-CI合作。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Nearshore regions, where ocean and estuarine processes interact with terrestrial processes and the built environment, are vital to national security, the economy, transportation, and recreation. However, coastal communities are at risk from major storms, as highlighted by recent Hurricanes Irene (2011), Sandy (2012), Matthew (2016), Harvey (2017), Irma (2017), Maria (2017), Florence (2018), and Michael (2018). Coastal-storm-related economic losses have increased substantially, largely owing to increases in population and development in hazardous coastal areas. As the frequency of intense storms increases, communities, infrastructure, ecosystems, and habitat will be under increasing threat from storm impacts. Despite the importance of coastal regions, there are few field observations during large storms. Major storms develop rapidly, and reconnaissance teams must mobilize quickly to obtain pre-storm site characterization and to deploy instruments to collect valuable perishable measurements during the storm. The flexibility to form the broad, interdisciplinary science teams needed to address system hypotheses is not available through traditional NSF programs. The Nearshore Extreme Events Reconnaissance (NEER) Association established under this EArly-concept Grant for Exploratory Research (EAGER) will enable coordination and deployment of multi-disciplinary researchers to collect perishable data needed to learn from storm-induced coastal disasters. The resulting observations will be useful to the science and engineering community to understand and predict the intertwined responses of the natural system, the built environment, and the socio-economic structures to impacts of extreme storms, leading to improved coastal management strategies and reduced risks. The NEER Association will entrain and train new members, including students and postdocs, ensuring a growing community of coastal-storm researchers. The national Nearshore Extreme Events Reconnaissance (NEER) Association will (i) build a network of academic, federal, and industry scientists and practitioners, (ii) coordinate and deploy interdisciplinary storm response teams, (iii) provide logistical support for field teams, and (iv) promote broad dissemination of the resulting data and findings. The NEER members will develop a database of potential field sites and emergency management contacts, and will entrain their local communities to determine key regional issues. When a storm is imminent, field team members will be selected to obtain data that will be used to address interdisciplinary questions relevant to the impacted region and the storm characteristics. These teams will conduct site characterization before and after extreme storms, and will collect measurements during storms that can be used to develop new concepts about the nearshore system. By working together across traditionally disparate disciplines, this community of academic, agency, and industry researchers will integrate diverse perspectives, methods, and goals, leading to development of new long-term collaborations and facilitating co-development of tools and integration of understanding of the nearshore system. The NEER Association will participate in the NSF-funded CONVERGE Leadership Corps and will coordinate with other NSF-supported Extreme Events Reconnaissance groups (EERs), including the Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering (ISEEER), Geotechnical and Structural Engineering (GEER and StEER, respectively), Operations and Systems Engineering (OSEER), and Social Science (SSEER) efforts. Instrumentation needs will be coordinated with the NSF-supported Natural Hazards Engineering Research Infrastructure (NHERI) RAPID Facility, and communications and data dissemination will be facilitated in collaboration with the NHERI cyber-infrastructure DesignSafe-CI.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.