CRII: OAC: Data Collection Infrastructure for Panoramic Video Monitoring in Wildlife Science

野生动物监测具有重大的科学和社会影响。通过使用远程摄像机，生物学家和生态学家可以监测和管理野生动物，以防止人畜共患疾病的传播和野生动物对农作物和牲畜的入侵。然而，目前野生动物监测中的网络基础设施(CI)仅限于视野有限的正常角度视频，并且导致了对发生在拍摄方向之外的重要事件的遗漏记录。此外，现有的远程摄像机只允许记录几分钟的短视频，因此无法记录监测区内长达数小时的野生动物活动。该项目提出了全景视频监控的方法，捕捉360度不间断的视频，记录完整的野生动物活动。该项目将允许野生动物科学家访问空间和时间域的高保真监测数据。全景视频不仅将捕捉监测现场及其附近的全面细节，还将描绘数据收集的监测背景。全景视频中嵌入的丰富的研究数据和元数据将提高生物学家和生态学家的生产力。如果成功，拟议的野生动物监测CI将加速在农业和考古学等其他领域研究中采用全景数据收集。研究成果，包括生成的数据集和开发的软件，将为本科生研究、课程课程开发和高中推广活动提供跨学科机会，特别是对代表性不足的群体。该项目调查了一个视频收集网络基础设施，以实现全景野生动物监测。设计目标是将数天至数周的高分辨率视频数据存档，以便在远程摄像机有限的存储和能源限制下进行长期监测。为此，本项目提出了一种协同本地和网络存储的框架。首先，我们提出了摄像机计算策略，以了解监控内容的科学价值，并以可忽略的开销最大限度地压缩视频。这将缓解对存储的总体需求。其次，我们提出了一种网络存储方案，以解决野外网络的间歇性，其中只传输部分视频，而其余视频在接收器中生成。然后，我们通过协调存储、网络和电池资源，为本地存储或网络存储安排压缩视频磁贴。最后，我们将在真实野生动物研究中开发和部署全景视频监控。我们将在萨凡纳河现场验证CI，并协助野生动物科学家研究动物相互作用对疾病传播的影响。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Wildlife monitoring has significant scientific and societal impacts. By utilizing remote cameras, biologists and ecologists can monitor and manage wildlife in order to prevent the transmission of zoonotic disease from animals and the invasion of wildlife on crops and livestock. However, current cyberinfrastructure (CI) in wildlife monitoring is limited to normal angle videos with a limited field of view and has caused missing the recording of important events that occurred outside of the direction being filmed. Moreover, existing remote cameras only allow the recording of short videos for a few minutes and thus cannot document many hours of wildlife activity in the monitoring zone. This project proposes methods for panoramic video monitoring that capture 360 degree uninterrupted videos to document complete wildlife activities. The project will allow wildlife scientists to access high fidelity monitoring data in both the spatial and temporal domains. Panoramic videos will not only capture comprehensive details on and near the monitoring site, but also depict the monitoring context of the data collection. The abundant research data and metadata embedded in panoramic videos will enhance the productivity of biologists and ecologists. If successful, the proposed wildlife monitoring CI will accelerate the adoption of panoramic data collection in other field research such as agriculture and archeology. The research outcomes, including the datasets generated and the software developed, will provide an interdisciplinary opportunity for undergraduate research, course curriculum development, and high school outreach activities, especially for underrepresented groups.This project investigates a video collection cyberinfrastructure to enable panoramic wildlife monitoring. The design objective is to archive days to weeks of high resolution video data for long lived monitoring under the limited storage and energy constraints of remote cameras. To this end, this project proposes a framework for collaborative local and networked storage. First, we propose camera computing strategies to understand the scientific value of monitoring content and maximally compress the video with negligible overhead. This would mitigate the overall need for storage. Second, we propose a networked storage scheme to address the intermittent nature of the network in the wild, where only partial video is transported while the remaining video is generated in the receiver. We then schedule compressed video tiles for local storage or networked storage by orchestrating the storage, network and battery resources. Finally, we will develop and deploy the panoramic video monitoring in real wildlife research. We will validate the CI on the Savannah River site and assist wildlife scientists to study the impacts of animal interaction on disease transmission.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.