The Long-run and Multi-generational Effects of Housing and Neighborhood Interventions

联邦政府每年花费400多亿美元用于不同的住房计划和政策，旨在改善低收入家庭的住房和社区环境。 这方面的努力大部分是针对生活在集中贫困中的家庭。最近的研究表明，童年时期的邻里条件在决定低收入儿童的晚年生活结果方面发挥着重要作用。然而，几乎没有严格的证据表明哪种类型的住房和邻里政策和干预措施能有效改善低收入家庭的长期和代际经济和社会成果。该项目使用长期和相关的行政数据和实验方法，研究针对低收入家庭的不同住房和邻里政策的长期和多代有效性。 这一研究项目的结果将提供证据，说明哪类住房干预措施能有效提高贫困家庭的生活水平，并研究这种住房政策对多代人的影响。 此外，它还将为制定和执行最有效的住房政策提供指导，这些政策将给各代人带来长期的积极惠益。 通过这样做，该研究项目还可以帮助美国成为如何为穷人提供高效住房的全球领导者。该项目由三项研究组成，调查各种公共住房方案在提高各代受益人生活水平方面的长期有效性。第一项研究使用了一个随机的住房援助等待名单，以评估两个最大的联邦低收入住房计划：公共住房和住房券。 第二项研究利用新关联的行政数据重新审视最早的住房流动性计划之一，以评估住房流动性干预措施的长期影响。第三项研究审查了针对贫困地区的三项基于地点的政策对多代人的影响。 这些研究汇集了严格的研究设计和相关的纵向管理数据，如收入，就业，大学入学率，财务紧张，健康和死亡率，以提供新的证据，说明一系列住房和社区政策对经济机会和福利的影响美国低收入家庭的结果将为联邦住房和社区政策的优化设计提供信息。更广泛地说，这项工作将通过调查如何以及为什么一些住房和社区政策为儿童和成人创造长期的经济机会，而其他人没有，提高社会科学知识。这个奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。

The federal government spends more than 40 billion dollars every year on different housing programs andpolicies designed to improve the housing and neighborhood environments by low-income families. Much of this effort is directed towards families living in concentrated poverty. Recent research shows that neighborhood conditions during childhood play an important role in determining later-life outcomes of low-income children. Yet, there is little rigorous evidence on which types of housing and neighborhood policies and interventions are effective in improving long-run and intergenerational economic and socialoutcomes for low-income families. This project uses long and linked administrative data and experimental methods to study the long-term and multi-generational effectiveness of different housing and neighborhood policies targeted toward low income families. The results of this research project will provide evidence on the type of housing interventions that are effective in improving the livings standards of poor households as well as study the multi-generational effects of such housing policies. In addition, it will provide guidance on crafting and implementing the most effective housing policies that have long-term positive benefits across generations. In so doing, the research project could also help establish the US as a global leader in how to provide efficient housing for the poor. This project, consists of three studies, investigates the long-term effectiveness of various public housing programs in improving the living standards of beneficiaries across generations. The first study uses a randomized housing assistance wait-list to evaluate two of the largest federal low-income housing programs: public housing and housing vouchers. The second study leverages newly linked administrative data to re-examine one of the earliest housing mobility programs to assess the very long-run effects of housing mobility interventions. The third study examines the multi-generational effects of three place-based policies targeted to disadvantaged areas. These studies bring together rigorous research designs and linked longitudinal administrative data on outcomes such as earnings, employment, college attendance, financial strain, health, and mortality to provide new evidence on the effects of a range of housing and neighborhood policies on the economic opportunities and well-being of low-income families in the U.S. The results will inform optimal design of federal housing and neighborhood policies. More broadly, this work will enhance social science knowledge by investigating how and why some housing and neighborhood policies create long-run economic opportunity for the children and adults, and others do not.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.