SDSS 2020: Delivering Innovative Science to the Community

斯隆数字巡天V （SDSS-V）将是世界上第一个全天、多历元、光学和红外光谱巡天。SDSS-V将创建一个前所未有的数据集，旨在解码银河系的历史，追踪化学元素的出现，了解恒星的内部运作和死亡，调查行星的起源，并绘制黑洞的成长图。它将创建一个新的星系和本星系群的星际气体地图，比目前的技术水平大1000倍，这是量化调节星系形成的物理学和理解我们银河系起源所需要的。这些自然实验使研究人员能够探索目前在地球实验室无法创造的物理条件。SDSS的数据和分析工具将全面向公众发布，为所有机构的所有科学家以及从K-12开始的关键STEM教育提供一个可访问的平台。除了科学之外，SDSS-V还培养了世界上下一代仪器学家，他们能够在光学和红外光谱范围内向世界提供先进的精密仪器和机器人仪器。这些未来科技创新者的支持增强了国家STEM劳动力。SDSS-V计划是三个关键测绘项目的结合：银河系测绘是唯一一个计划中的红外、双半球测量，能够穿透星际尘埃，揭示银河系所有地区的银河系考古记录。局域体积绘图仪绘制的星际气体和最近星系恒星形成的巨大积分场光谱图将直接探测反馈调节星系生长的尺度。黑洞绘图仪将揭示eROSITA在其任务早期发现的宇宙x射线源的性质，并将成为第一个探测宇宙中所有黑洞（从恒星质量到超大质量）吸积物理的时域光谱调查。SDSS-V将承担一个强大的教育、推广和劳动力发展活动计划，利用项目对策划开放、透明和包容的数据产品和协作结构的承诺。SDSS-V旨在为未来的天文基础设施开发人员提供一个培训基地。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The Sloan Digital Sky Survey V (SDSS-V) will be the world's first all-sky, multi-epoch, optical and IR spectroscopic survey. SDSS-V will create an unprecedented dataset designed to decode the history of the Milky Way, trace the emergence of the chemical elements, understand the inner workings and deaths of stars, investigate the origin of planets, and map the growth of black holes. It will create a new map of the interstellar gas in the Galaxy and the Local Group, 1,000 times larger than the current state of the art, which is needed in order to quantify the physics that regulate the formation of galaxies and understand the origins of our Milky Way. These natural experiments allow researchers to probe physical conditions that cannot currently be created in Earth bound laboratories. The data and analysis tools from SDSS will be fully released to the public providing an accessible platform for all scientists at all institutions as well as critical STEM education from K-12. In addition to the science, SDSS-V cultivates the world’s next generation of instrumentalists capable of delivering vanguard precision and robotic instrumentation across the optical and infrared spectrum to the world. The support of these future scientific and technical innovators enhances the national STEM workforce.The SDSS-V program is a union of three key Mapper projects: The Milky Way Mapper is the only planned infrared, dual-hemisphere survey capable of penetrating interstellar dust to uncover the Galactic archaeological record in all regions of the Milky Way. The Local Volume Mapper’s enormous integral-field spectral map of the interstellar gas and star formation in the nearest galaxies will directly probe the scales at which feedback regulates galaxy growth. The Black Hole Mapper will reveal the nature of cosmic X-ray sources discovered by eROSITA early in its mission and will be the first time-domain spectroscopic survey to probe accretion physics across the full range of black holes in the Universe, from stellar-mass to supermassive. SDSS-V will undertake a robust program of education, outreach, and workforce development activities that leverage the project's commitment to curating data products and collaborative structures that are open, transparent, and inclusive. SDSS-V intentionally provides a training ground for the future astronomical infrastructure developers.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.