CAREER: Affordable Versus Vacation Housing Resilience: Mechanisms that Shape Housing Vulnerability and Recovery in Coastal Communities

这项学院早期职业发展(职业生涯)赠款将使人们更好地了解造成负担得起的主要住房和第二套住房之间脆弱性差异的机制--美国沿海地区的度假租赁。许多沿海地区不断增长的人口和发展，加上海平面上升、气候变化下更强烈和更频繁的风暴和洪水、日益加剧的经济不平等和老化的基础设施，所有这些都对沿海住房存量构成了更大的风险，进而对经济构成了更大的风险。在美国的许多沿海地区，负担得起的主要住房正在缩小、老化和恶化，而季节性度假住房正在增长和改善。暴风雨对经济适用房造成了不成比例的破坏，使更有可能是穷人、老年人、种族和少数民族以及服务业工人的居民流离失所。尽管可以看到不同的脆弱性模式，但人们对其背后的机制知之甚少，这阻碍了住房政策的改善。该项目将综合多个领域的理论和技术，解释旅游经济背景下的发展政策和筹资机制如何造成和加剧住房脆弱性方面的差距。该项目将使来自代表性不足群体的学生以及来自受影响的当地社区的学生参与灾害研究、外联和政策制定。它还将通过探索替代住房计划和政策的潜在有效性来帮助规划者和政策制定者。住房和灾害研究很少确定或解释负担得起的主要住房和第二套住房/度假租赁之间的差异，它们是以旅游为基础的社区中的两个截然不同的住房次级市场。这个职业项目采用了一种融合的方法，整合了城市规划、社会学、经济学和结构工程中住房和灾害研究的理论和技术，以了解住房脆弱性模式的驱动因素，考虑到这两个市场。它还检查了潜在的计划或政策变化可能产生的影响。该项目将首先审查形成住房脆弱性的规划和资金机制，包括灾难恢复计划和政策。然后，它将分析相关模式，探索住房和旅游业之间的相互作用，以及这些相互作用对住房脆弱性的影响。虽然住房脆弱性是一个多维现象，但灾害研究往往只从物理结构的角度考虑住房。这项研究将开发和应用一个全面的多学科脆弱性度量框架，以结合对住房脆弱性的物理、社会学和经济评估。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This Faculty Early Career Development (CAREER) grant will yield improved understanding of the mechanisms that cause disparities in vulnerability between affordable primary housing and second homes-vacation rentals in United States coastal areas. Growing population and development in many coastal areas, combined with rising sea levels, more intense and frequent storms and flooding under climate change, mounting economic inequalities, and aging infrastructure all pose increased risks to coastal housing stocks and, in turn, economies. In many coastal areas of the United States, affordable primary housing is shrinking, aging, and deteriorating while seasonal vacation housing is growing and improving. Affordable housing is disproportionately damaged by storms, displacing residents who are more likely to be poor, elderly, racial and ethnic minorities, and service industry workers. While disparate patterns of vulnerability are visible, the mechanisms underlying them are little understood, which hinders improvements to housing policies. This project will integrate theories and techniques from multiple fields to explain how development policies and funding mechanisms within the context of tourism economies create and exacerbate disparities in housing vulnerability. This project will engage students from underrepresented groups as well as students drawn from affected local communities in disaster research, outreach, and policy development. It will also assist planners and policy makers by exploring the potential effectiveness of alternative housing programs and policies. Housing and disaster studies have rarely identified or explained disparities between affordable primary housing and second homes/vacation rentals as two distinct housing submarkets in tourist-based communities. This CAREER project adopts a convergence approach by integrating theories and techniques from housing and disaster studies in urban planning, sociology, economics, and structural engineering to understand the drivers of housing vulnerability patterns, considering both markets. It also examines the likely effects of potential program or policies changes. The project will first examine planning and funding mechanisms that shape housing vulnerabilities, including disaster recovery programs and policies. It will then analyze relevant patterns and explore interactions between housing and tourism and the consequences of those interactions for housing vulnerability. Although housing vulnerability is a multidimensional phenomenon, disaster studies often consider housing solely in terms of physical structures. This study will develop and apply a holistic multidisciplinary vulnerability metrics framework to combine physical, sociological, and economic assessment of housing vulnerability.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.