RAPID: Impacts, Disruption, and Displacement After Low Attention Disasters: Experiences of Non-owner and Immigrant Households

这项快速反应研究(RAPID)项目调查了一场EF-3龙卷风过后，爱荷华州马歇尔敦的非房主和移民家庭的生活中断、恢复资源和流离失所情况。这场龙卷风造成的破坏集中在老旧的低收入社区，那里有许多没有保险的房屋，政府援助有限，在社区内提供替代住房的能力很低。这项研究考察了社会脆弱性造成的恢复需求，特别是保有权和移民问题。结果将帮助规划者、应急管理人员和政策制定者将方法纳入恢复计划，以便更好地与移民沟通援助资格标准。因此，这项科学研究贡献支持了NSF促进科学进步和增进我们国家福利的使命。在这种情况下，好处将是帮助我们最脆弱的人口在灾难后恢复的洞察力。这项研究解决了灾难文献中关于影响移民、租户和合同房主的低关注度灾难的空白。移民和非房主等弱势家庭在获得修复援助以完成房屋修缮方面处于不利地位，因此长期流离失所的风险更高。该项目收集数据，以检查移民和非房主在马歇尔敦龙卷风过后的恢复经历，尽管龙卷风在少数族裔、移民和非房主家庭比例相对较高的低收入社区造成了重大破坏，但没有得到太多关注和资源。因此，它为评估与住房保有权和低关注度灾难后的移民有关的复杂恢复挑战提供了独特的可能性。数据收集的方法包括与家庭进行焦点小组、一对一访谈和参与者观察。分析方法包括通过主题识别和持续比较对数据进行定性编码。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This Rapid Response Research (RAPID) project examines life disruption, recovery resources, and displacement with a focus on non-homeowner and immigrant households in Marshalltown, Iowa after an EF-3 Tornado. The damage from this tornado was concentrated in older low-income neighborhoods with many uninsured houses, limited government assistance, and low capacity to provide replacement housing within the community. This research examines recovery needs resulting from social vulnerability especially tenure and immigration. The results will assist planners, emergency managers, and policymakers to incorporate approaches within recovery programs that better communicate assistance eligibility criteria with immigrants. This scientific research contribution thus supports NSF's mission to promote the progress of science and to advance our national welfare. In this case, the benefits will be insights to assist recovery of our most vulnerable populations after a disaster.This research addresses gaps in the disaster literature with respect to low attention disasters that affect immigrants, renters and contract homeowners. Vulnerable households like immigrants and non-homeowners are at a disadvantage for accessing recovery assistance to complete home repairs and subsequently at a higher risk of long-term displacement. This project collects data to examine recovery experiences of immigrants and non-homeowners in the aftermath of the Marshalltown tornado that did not receive much attention and resources despite causing major damages in low income neighborhoods with a relatively higher percentage of minority, immigrant, and non-homeowner households. Hence, it offers a unique possibility for assessing the complex recovery challenges related to housing tenure and immigration after low attention disasters. Methods of data collection consist of conducting focus groups with households, one on one interviews, and participant observation. Analysis methods include qualitative coding of data through theme identification and constant comparison.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.