RAPID: Impacts, Disruption, and Displacement After Low Attention Disasters: Experiences of Non-owner and Immigrant Households

这个快速反应研究（RAPID）项目研究生活中断，恢复资源，并重点关注爱荷华州马歇尔敦的非房主和移民家庭的流离失所EF-3龙卷风后。这场龙卷风造成的破坏集中在较老的低收入社区，那里有许多没有保险的房屋，政府援助有限，社区内提供替代住房的能力很低。这项研究审查了社会脆弱性，特别是土地保有权和移民造成的恢复需要。研究结果将有助于规划人员、应急管理人员和政策制定者在恢复计划中纳入更好地与移民沟通援助资格标准的方法。这一科学研究的贡献，从而支持NSF的使命，以促进科学的进步和提高我们的国家福利。在这种情况下，好处将是洞察力，以协助恢复我们最脆弱的人群在灾难后。这项研究解决了灾害文献中的空白，就影响移民，租房者和合同房主的低关注灾害。移民和非房主等弱势家庭在获得恢复援助以完成房屋维修方面处于不利地位，因此长期流离失所的风险更高。该项目收集数据，以检查恢复经验的移民和非房主在马歇尔敦龙卷风后，没有得到太多的关注和资源，尽管造成重大损害，在低收入社区的少数民族，移民和非房主家庭的比例相对较高。因此，它提供了一个独特的可能性，以评估复杂的恢复挑战有关的住房保有权和移民后，低关注的灾害。收集数据的方法包括与住户进行重点小组讨论、一对一访谈和参与者观察。分析方法包括通过主题识别和不断比较对数据进行定性编码。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。

This Rapid Response Research (RAPID) project examines life disruption, recovery resources, and displacement with a focus on non-homeowner and immigrant households in Marshalltown, Iowa after an EF-3 Tornado. The damage from this tornado was concentrated in older low-income neighborhoods with many uninsured houses, limited government assistance, and low capacity to provide replacement housing within the community. This research examines recovery needs resulting from social vulnerability especially tenure and immigration. The results will assist planners, emergency managers, and policymakers to incorporate approaches within recovery programs that better communicate assistance eligibility criteria with immigrants. This scientific research contribution thus supports NSF's mission to promote the progress of science and to advance our national welfare. In this case, the benefits will be insights to assist recovery of our most vulnerable populations after a disaster.This research addresses gaps in the disaster literature with respect to low attention disasters that affect immigrants, renters and contract homeowners. Vulnerable households like immigrants and non-homeowners are at a disadvantage for accessing recovery assistance to complete home repairs and subsequently at a higher risk of long-term displacement. This project collects data to examine recovery experiences of immigrants and non-homeowners in the aftermath of the Marshalltown tornado that did not receive much attention and resources despite causing major damages in low income neighborhoods with a relatively higher percentage of minority, immigrant, and non-homeowner households. Hence, it offers a unique possibility for assessing the complex recovery challenges related to housing tenure and immigration after low attention disasters. Methods of data collection consist of conducting focus groups with households, one on one interviews, and participant observation. Analysis methods include qualitative coding of data through theme identification and constant comparison.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.