Music as a medium in interreligious dialogue. A contribution towards a theology of dialogue

在过去的二十年里，世界各地发起了跨宗教音乐项目，旨在增进宗教团体之间的相互理解与和平。到目前为止，致力于宗教间对话的神学研究还没有涉及音乐在这些过程中的作用。宗教科学自“美学转向”以来，一直关注于美学规范和宗教中声音的意义。事实上，所有宗教团体都受益于其信息和塑造宗教行为的健全代码。最近的研究项目集中在音乐在宗教身份建构中的作用。利用音乐促进宗教间对话的问题尚未得到研究。跨文化神学作为一门新兴学科和传世的使命和普世主义，被迫处理宗教传统的文化形态。直到今天，神学研究只考虑到视觉艺术。虽然有学者呼吁向声现象延伸，但直到今天还没有付诸实践。目前的研究项目反映了音乐作为宗教间对话的媒介。神学框架来自跨文化和比较神学研究的方法和解释学的宗教间对话和他们的历史使命和大公主义。将考虑音乐作为传教文化转型媒介的作用研究的第一个结果。实证基础是几个跨宗教音乐项目。在2012年马克托伯多夫国际圣乐音乐节期间完成了一项实地研究，并正在进行评估。本文还对另外两个项目进行了实例分析。在过去的二十年里，最大的跨宗教音乐节在摩洛哥/法国举行。据我所知，这是唯一一个在穆斯林背景下的项目，因此，它代表了与基督教倡议所执行的其他项目的重要比较点。最后，我将讨论在实践与系统神学的“美学转向”背景下的结果：它们是否可以成为迈向“文化的文化神学”的一步？

During the last twenty years interreligious music projects were initiated world wide with the aim to enhance mutual understanding and peace between religious communities. Theological research dedicated to interreligious dialogue so far has not involved in the role of music in these processes. Religious science since its "esthetic turn" has focussed on esthetic codes and the significance of sound in religions. As a matter of fact, all religious communities benefit from sound codes for their messages and to shape religious behaviour. Recent research projects focussed on the role of music in the construction of religious identities. The use of music in order to contribute to interreligious dialogue has not yet been studied.Intercultural Theology as an emerging discipline and heredetary of Mission and Ecumenism is compelled to deal with cultural shapes of religious traditions. Until today, only visual arts have been taken into account by theological research. Although some scholars call for the extension towards sound phenomena, until today this has not been put into practice.The present research project reflects music as a medium of interreligious dialogue. The theological framework comes from Intercultural and Comparative Theological studies on methods and hermeneutics of interreligious dialogues and their history in mission and ecumenism. First results of research on the role of music as a medium of cultural transformation in mission will be taken into account. The empirical foundation are several interreligious music projects. A field study has been accomplished during the festival of Musica Sacra International in Marktoberdorf 2012 and is being evaluated. Two more projects are exemplarily analyzed by means of CD´s. The biggest interreligious music festival has been realised for the last twenty years in Fès/Marocco. To my knowledge, it is the only one in a muslim context and,therefore, represents an important point of comparison with the other projects performed by Christian initiatives.Finally, I will discuss the results in the context of the "esthetic turn" in Practical and Systematic Theology: Could they be a step towards a "theology of culture of cultures"?