Psychological and physiological consequences of exposure to mass media in young women - the role of moderators

本研究旨在探讨以下关键问题：（1）与健康女性对照组和患有混合性精神障碍（抑郁症和躯体形式障碍）的女性样本相比，实验室诱导的暴露于瘦理想是否与18至35岁患有神经性厌食症和贪食症的女性在身体形象、情感和饮食行为方面的心理障碍有关？(2)如何调节，如认知扭曲（正确的形状融合，TSF），和相关的情绪调节（ER）适度的影响，暴露于薄的理想。(3)这些特征在治疗后会改变吗？作为第二个重点，它将探讨如何暴露于媒体促进薄的理想与压力的生物参数。我们结合了联合收割机的实验数据和观察数据，并包括压力反应的生物测量，如唾液皮质醇，α-淀粉酶，心率和心率变异性，以评估暴露于理想的薄的影响。为了实现这些跨学科的目标，两个研究小组（Simone Munsch，弗里堡大学，瑞士; Stephan Herpertz，LWL-大学波鸿，德国）提供他们的专业知识的调查艾德病理学，负面影响，认知风格，情绪调节和心理方面的压力。将在瑞士的三家合作诊所和德国波鸿大学心身医学和心理治疗诊所（SH）招募250名女性参与者样本，包括AN、BN、抑郁和躯体形式障碍患者以及健康女性。该项目将提供有关调节剂的作用影响的心理和生理影响暴露于薄理想的大众媒体促进AN和BN患者使用生态有效的设计。比较这种易感性艾德患者健康的参与者和患者患有其他精神障碍的交叉和纵向的设计将有助于更好地了解精神病理机制维持ED和抑郁症和躯体形式障碍的区别。研究结果可用于制定量身定制的干预措施，包括ER能力的培训以及对自己的体型和体重的扭曲信念的认知重建。

The current study sets out to investigate the following key questions: (1) Does laboratory induced exposure to thin ideals relate to psychological impairments in terms of body image, affect and eating behavior in 18 to 35 year old female suffering from anorexia and bulimia nervosa compared to female healthy controls and to a sample of females suffering from mixed mental disorders (depression and somatoform disorders)? (2) How do moderators such as cognitive distortions (Thought-Shape Fusion, TSF), and correlates of emotion regulation (ER) moderate the influence of the exposure to thin ideals. (3) Are these characteristics amenable to change after treatment? As a second focus it will be explored how exposure to media promoting the thin ideal relates to biological parameter of stress. We combine questionnaire-based and observational data and include biological measures of stress response such as saliva cortisol, alpha-amylase, heart rate and heart rate variability to assess impact of exposure to the thin ideal. To achieve these interdisciplinary goals, two research groups (Simone Munsch, University of Fribourg, Switzerland; Stephan Herpertz, LWL-University Bochum, Germany) provide their expertise for the investigation of ED pathology, negative affect, cognitive style, emotion regulation and psychological aspects of stress. A sample of 250 female participants including patients with AN, BN, depressive and somatoform disorders, and healthy women will be recruited in three collaborating Clinics in Switzerland and in the Clinic of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University of Bochum, Germany (SH). This project will provide pertinent findings about the role of moderators influencing the psychological and physiological effects of exposure to thin ideals promoted by mass media in AN and BN patients using an ecologically valid design. Comparing this susceptibility in ED patients to healthy participants and patients suffering from other mental disorder in a cross and longitudinal design will contribute to a better understanding of psychopathological mechanisms maintaining EDs and distinctions from depressive and somatoform disorders. Findings could be used to develop tailored interventions including a training in ER competences as well as cognitive restructuring of distorted beliefs about the own body shape and weight.