IRES: Track I: U.S.-France Program for INverter-based And Cybersecure Control and Communication for eLEctric power system (PINNACLE)

当前的劳动力市场是面向全球的；因此，当务之急是让我们的学生不仅能在国内，而且能在国际上竞争工作。这个IRES项目，即PINNACLE，建立在PIs与格勒诺布尔理工学院长达十年的合作历史之上，格勒诺布尔理工学院的电气工程项目在法国排名第一。PINNACLE培训并派遣18名美国学生（每年6名）到格勒诺布尔进行为期8周的研究和课外活动，包括语言教学，几次行业参观，并与现有的国际实习项目相结合。该计划的一个重要成果是培养全面发展的具有全球竞争力的美国工程师-研究人员队伍。格勒诺布尔的几个行业合作伙伴在美国有非常明显的存在，例如RTE，施耐德电气和西门子，这进一步帮助我们的学者做好劳动力准备。这个项目的结果将是通过我们的招聘计划扩大代表性不足的群体的参与。我们将通过技术出版物（报告研究结果）和教育出版物（报告IRES计划的机制：其区别因素、学生反馈、机构影响、支持服务、成功措施和人口统计数据）广泛传播我们的研究成果。此外，这项工作通过(i)培训可再生能源有效整合所需的劳动力，（ii）增加对电力系统和智能电网的职业兴趣，以及（iii）提高电力工程劳动力的质量和数量，从而有利于我们的社会和环境。这个IRES项目，即PINNACLE，建立在PIs与格勒诺布尔理工学院长达十年的合作历史之上，格勒诺布尔理工学院的电气工程项目在法国排名第一。PINNACLE培训并派遣18名美国学生（每年6名）到格勒诺布尔进行为期8周的研究和课外活动，包括语言教学，几次行业参观，并与G2Elab现有的国际实习项目相结合。我们为可能的旅行限制制定了应急计划。学生研究项目的总体主题是实现基于逆变器的大规模电力系统，同时解决其控制，通信和网络安全要求和挑战。随着电力系统向包括更大份额的可再生能源和基于逆变器的发电转变，它挑战了传统的稳定性和控制概念。与此同时，电网对信息通信技术（ICT）的依赖日益增加，大大增加了其面对网络不可用和安全问题的脆弱性。因此，确保及时、安全的数据传输对于保证控制、优化和监控系统的性能至关重要。这项工作预计将有助于(i)研究可再生能源与电力系统互联可行性的算法，（ii） 100%可再生能源环境下电力系统、微电网和逆变器的控制和设计，以及（iii）通信启用策略下的逆变器和微电网网络安全。在这个领域，美国的pi和法国的合作者具有互补的专业知识。在格勒诺布尔大学的指导下，美国学生致力于这些研究挑战。学生们对这些问题的接触，尤其是在欧洲背景下的接触，有望帮助他们想出创新的解决方案，以应对美国面临的类似挑战。此外，G2Elab与多个行业合作伙伴积极合作，促进了行业参观和实地考察。该计划是互利的，并通过为开展共同感兴趣的研究项目提供框架，加强了我们现有的合作。我们将在全国范围内为这个项目招聘，并期望我们的项目校友将是一群对工业和研究生项目具有高度期望技能的个人。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The current workforce market is globally oriented; therefore, it is imperative that our students can compete for jobs not only within our borders, but also internationally. This IRES program, PINNACLE, builds on the PIs' decade-long history of collaboration with Grenoble Institute of Technology, whose electrical engineering program is ranked first in France. PINNACLE trains and sends 18 U.S. students (6 each year) for 8 weeks to Grenoble to engage in research and extracurricular activities, including language instruction, several industry visits, and integration with an existing international internship program. A significant outcome of this program is producing well-rounded U.S. engineer-researcher workforce who are globally competitive. Several industry partners of Grenoble have a very visible presence in the United States, e.g., RTE, Schneider Electric, and Siemens, which further helps with the workforce preparation of our scholars. A result of this program will be broadening the participation of underrepresented groups through our recruitment plan. We will disseminate our research outcomes broadly by pursuing both technical publications (reporting the research results) and educational publications (reporting the mechanics of the IRES program: its distinguishing factors, students' feedback, institutional impacts, support services, success measures, and demographics). Furthermore, this work benefits our society and environment by (i) training the workforce required for efficient integration of renewable energy resources, (ii) increasing career interest in power system and the smart grid, and (iii) improving the quality and quantity of power engineering workforce.This IRES program, PINNACLE, builds on the PIs' decade-long history of collaboration with Grenoble Institute of Technology, whose electrical engineering program is ranked first in France. PINNACLE trains and sends 18 U.S. students (6 each year) for 8 weeks to Grenoble to engage in research and extracurricular activities, including language instruction, several industry visits, and integration with an existing international internship program, in its G2Elab. We include a contingency plan for possible travel restrictions. The overarching theme of students' research projects is to enable a massively inverter-based electric power system while addressing their control, communication, and cybersecurity requirements and challenges. As the power system transitions to include a larger share of renewables and inverter-based generation, it challenges conventional stability and control concepts. Simultaneously, the electric power grid's growing dependency on information and communication technology (ICT) significantly increases its vulnerability to network unavailability and security issues. Therefore, ensuring timely and secure delivery of data is central to guaranteeing the performance of control, optimization, and supervisory systems. This work is expected to contribute to (i) algorithms to study the feasibility of interconnection of renewables to the power system, (ii) control and design of power systems, microgrids, and inverters in 100% renewables setting, and (iii) inverter and microgrid cybersecurity under communication-enabled strategies. This is an area in which the U.S. PIs and French collaborators have complementary expertise. Under Grenoble mentorship, the U.S. students work on these research challenges. Students' exposure to these problems, especially in a European context, is expected to help them think of innovative solutions to the similar challenges in the United States. Additionally, G2Elab has active collaborations with several industry partners, which facilitates industry tours and field trips. This program is mutually beneficial and strengthens our existing collaboration by providing a framework for conducting research projects of common interest. We will recruit nationally for this program and expect that our program alumni will be a cohort of individuals with highly desired skills for industry and graduate programs.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.