SPP 1772: Human performance under multiple cognitive task requirements: From basic mechanisms to optimized task scheduling

该项目旨在将人类在这种多重认知任务需求(即多任务处理)下的表现研究汇集在一起，以提供一个新的综合理论框架来解释人类行为的这一基本方面。因此，认知心理学和运动科学的贡献构成了核心学科。当然，其他学科，如认知神经科学，可以帮助我们更好地理解多任务处理的认知和表现方面，可能会对工作方案作出重要贡献。这一综合努力使优先方案能够提供一个综合框架，将人类多任务处理中的结构、灵活性和可塑性问题结合在一起。具体地说，该方案旨在产生一个科学矩阵，该矩阵由以下三个广泛领域的一系列研究主题组成。-首先，它将提供一个新的、综合的理论框架，使不可变的处理瓶颈的结构观点与更灵活的认知控制观点相协调。-第二，本研究将通过参照特定通道能力的结构视角和任务要求、动机和情绪调节的灵活性视角，重新审视灵活加工资源的隐喻。-第三，它将通过集中于训练时间表和由此产生的学习过程，评估在多种任务情况下人类认知和动作行为的可塑性。总而言之，本方案旨在通过整合关于人类行为基本方面的现有知识(即，“一心多用”)跨越不同的理论视角和科学学科。这项基础研究也有助于在更多的应用环境中进行研究，这些环境对多任务处理的性能要求很高。

This Project aims to bring together different lines of research on human performance under such multiple cognitive task requirements (i.e. multitasking) in order to provide a new integrative theoretical framework to account for this fundamental aspect of human behaviour.Therefore, contributions of cognitive psychology and movement science constitute the core disciplines. Of course, other disciplines, such as cognitive neuroscience, that can help to improve our understanding of cognitive and performance aspects of multitasking may provide important contributions to the work programme. This combined effort allows the Priority Programme to provide an integrated framework that brings together the issues of structure, flexibility, and plasticity in human multitasking. Specifically, this programme aims at generating a scientific matrix that consists of an array of research topics clustered in the following three broad areas. - First, it will provide a new, integrative theoretical framework that reconciles the structural perspective of immutable processing bottlenecks with the more flexible cognitive-control perspective. - Second, it will re-examine a flexible processing resources metaphor by referring both to the structural perspective in terms of modality-specific capacities and the flexibility perspective in terms of task requirements, motivational, and emotional modulation. - Third, it will assess the plasticity of human cognition and motor behaviour with respect to action optimisation in multiple task situations by focussing on training schedules and the resulting learning processes.In sum, the present programme is aimed at addressing a new research perspective by integrating existing knowledge on a fundamental aspect of human behaviour (i.e. "Multitasking") across different theoretical perspectives and scientific disciplines. This basic research can also contribute to research in more applied contexts, which require high performance in multitasking.