AccelNet-Implementation: PEER2PEER International Convergence Research Networks in Transboundary Water Security

跨界河流流域覆盖了美国约72%的陆地和超过47%的地球陆地面积，为150个国家的30亿人提供了家园。跨界河流流域由两个或多个国家共享，往往是水冲突和合作努力的热点。Peer2Peer是一个实施跟踪项目，将通过促进新的国际和跨学科合作来促进跨界水安全研究、教育和推广。这个网络网络将美国、中东、北非和中亚的国家科学院、工程院和医学院及其合作伙伴组织管理的网络汇集在一起。Peer2Peer利用专注于跨境水资源管理不同方面的成熟区域网络，包括加强研究参与伙伴关系(PEER)计划、阿拉伯-美洲科学、工程和医学前沿计划，以及与国际网络合作。Peer2同行参与者将协同研究倡议，共享数据和工具，并促进跨界水安全学术和能力建设方面的合作。该项目将创建一个专门为将工程、物理科学和社会科学研究转化为地方、州和国家政府机构的计划和政策而设计的创新生态系统。Peer2Peer将为下一代水科学家制定严格的培训计划，以应对世界范围内的跨学科挑战。Peer2Peer将共同解决跨界水安全研究和教育方面的关键空白。一个差距是缺乏关于干旱趋势和可变性的科学证据，以及不同跨界河流流域对区域水安全的相应不同影响。对以下方面的了解也有限：(A)通过远程连接的粮食贸易网络跨国传播极端干旱事件的影响对水安全有何影响；(B)社会文化背景、经济发展水平、环境问题以及技术和政治合作如何影响支持跨界水安全的科学外交。该项目将解决以下问题：缺乏知识交流和数据/工具共享工具，无法利用多种数据流，包括用于跨界干旱监测的遥感观测和地面数据；解决能力和教育材料有限的问题，使未来的研究人员在跨界水安全方面采取跨学科、全面、统一的办法做好准备。Peer2Peer将以研讨会、技术培训、教职员工和学生交流、实地访问、外联和传播为特色。它将为网络成员开发一个在线平台，以促进持续参与和研究合作。研究数据将通过与NSF资助的大学水文科学促进联盟的合作伙伴关系与网络成员共享。通过国际网络到网络合作加速研究(AccelNet)计划旨在加快科学发现的进程，并为多团队国际合作培养下一代美国研究人员。AccelNet计划支持美国研究网络和海外互补网络之间的战略联系，这些网络将利用研究和教育资源来应对需要重大国际协调努力的重大科学挑战。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Transboundary river basins cover about 72% of the U.S. landmass and more than 47% of the Earth’s land area, providing homes to 3 billion people in 150 countries. Shared by two or more countries, transboundary river basins are often hotspots for both water conflicts and efforts at cooperation. PEER2PEER, an implementation-track project, will advance transboundary water security research, education, and outreach by catalyzing novel international and interdisciplinary cooperation. This network of networks brings together networks managed by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and partner organizations in the United States, Middle East, North Africa, and Central Asia. PEER2PEER leverages mature regional networks focusing on different aspects of transboundary water management, including the Partnership for Enhanced Engagement in Research (PEER) program, the Arab-American Frontiers of Science, Engineering and Medicine Program, and partnering international networks. PEER2PEER participants will synergize research initiatives, share data and tools, and foster collaboration in transboundary water security scholarship and capacity building. The project will create an innovative ecosystem designed specifically for translating engineering, physical science, and social science research into plans and policies for local, state, and national government agencies. PEER2PEER will develop rigorous training programs of the next generation of water scientists for addressing interdisciplinary challenges worldwide.PEER2PEER will collectively address critical gaps in transboundary water security research and education. One gap is the lack of scientific evidence on drought trends and variability, along with the corresponding disparate impacts on regional water security in different transboundary river basins. There is also limited understanding of how: (a) water security is affected by transnational propagation of the impact of extreme drought events through tele-connected food trade networks; and (b) socio-cultural context, levels of economic development, environmental concerns, and technical and political collaboration affect science diplomacy to support transboundary water security. This project will address the lack of knowledge exchange and data/tool sharing vehicle to leverage multiple data streams, including remotely sensed observations and ground-based data for transboundary drought monitoring, and the limited capacity and educational materials to prepare future researchers in interdisciplinary, holistic, convergent approaches in transboundary water security. PEER2PEER will feature workshops, technical trainings, faculty and student exchanges, field visits, outreach and dissemination. It will develop an online platform for network members to facilitate sustained engagement and research collaboration. Research data will be shared with network members through a partnership with the NSF-funded Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Sciences, Inc. The Accelerating Research through International Network-to-Network Collaborations (AccelNet) program is designed to accelerate the process of scientific discovery and prepare the next generation of U.S. researchers for multiteam international collaborations. The AccelNet program supports strategic linkages among U.S. research networks and complementary networks abroad that will leverage research and educational resources to tackle grand scientific challenges that require significant coordinated international efforts.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.