SCC-PG: Online Role-Playing Games for Improving Multi-Stakeholder Collaboration in Concurrent Disaster Response Planning

社区一级有效的灾后应对和恢复需要协调参与应对的所有利益攸关方的行动。但是，现有的灾害应对和恢复管理办法通常没有充分强调这种多方利益攸关方协调的作用，特别是社区居民的参与。关于如何应对重叠或同时发生的灾害，特别是其中一种灾害是大流行病的情况，文献也提供了有限的建议。当地方当局必须同时对多个事件作出反应时，这就成了问题;当对具体灾害作出反应时（例如，大流行病）是孤立的;同时发生的灾害加剧了对社会弱势社区成员的不成比例的影响。因此，对“重叠”或“并发”灾害的有效和公平的响应规划需要更好和更有效的理解，这项智能和互联社区规划补助金（SCC-PG）研究推进了NSF的使命，即通过产生影响因素的科学知识来促进科学的进步面对多种危害，不同社区利益相关者的灾害响应行动。这项研究还增进了对利益攸关方之间合作在灾害应对规划中的作用和价值及其成功因素的认识。最后，本研究推进NSF的使命，以促进国家的健康，繁荣，和当地社区的福利，重点是在山间西部的灾害响应，这是在快速和缓慢发生的灾害事件，如野火，极端高温事件，地震和气候变化的重大风险。这个SCC-PG项目采用社区参与技术，定性调查方法和桌面角色扮演游戏（RPG），为开发在线多玩家AI介导的RPG奠定基础，以改善利益相关者之间在应对并发灾害规划方面的合作。该项目探讨了四个研究主题：i）影响社区各利益相关者应对决策的因素（如居民、非营利组织、政府和公用事业提供者）;（二）改进利益攸关方之间互动和协作以作出反应所需的信息、数据或通信结构的类型;（三）信息交流和协作对个人和集体作出的反应决定的影响;以及（iv）多重利益相关者对并发灾害的反应规划的有效和公平的沟通或协作结构的特点。这项研究的结果和随后的SCC-IRG研究将有助于任何社区进行灾害应对规划，以确定更加公平的应对行动，可以同时对流行病和其他灾害发挥作用，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查进行评估，被认为值得支持的搜索.

Effective community-level post-disaster response and recovery requires that actions of all stakeholders involved in response be coordinated. But existing approaches to disaster response and recovery management typically underemphasize the role of such multi-stakeholder coordination, particularly the involvement of community residents. Literature also provides limited advice on how to address overlapping or concurrent disasters, especially where one of the disasters is a pandemic. This becomes problematic when local authorities must respond to multiple events at once; when response to specific disasters (e.g., pandemics) is siloed; and when disaster concurrency exacerbates disproportional impact on socially vulnerable community members. Effective and equitable response planning for ‘overlapping’ or ‘concurrent’ disasters, therefore, requires better and more effective understanding and this Smart and Connected Communities Planning Grant (SCC-PG) study advances the NSF’s mission to promote the progress of science by generating scientific knowledge of factors affecting disaster response actions of diverse community stakeholders in the face of multiple hazards. This study also advances knowledge of the role and value of inter-stakeholder collaboration in disaster response planning as well its success factors. Lastly, this study advances NSF’s mission to promote national health, prosperity, and welfare of local communities by focusing on disaster response in the Intermountain West, which is at significant risk from fast and slow-onset disaster events such as wildfires, extreme heat events, earthquakes, and climate change.This SCC-PG project employs community engagement techniques, qualitative inquiry methods and table-top role-playing games (RPGs) to lay the foundation for development of an online multi-player AI-mediated RPG to improve inter-stakeholder collaboration in response planning for concurrently occurring disasters. The project examines four research topics: i) factors affecting response decisions of various community stakeholders (such as residents, non-profits, government, and utility providers); (ii) types of information, data or communication structures needed to improve inter-stakeholder interaction and collaboration for response; (iii) effect of information exchange and collaboration on response decisions made at the individual and collective level; and (iv) characteristics of effective and equitable communication or collaboration structures for multi-stakeholder response planning for concurrent disasters. The results of this study and the subsequent SCC-IRG research will help any community undertaking disaster response planning to identify response actions that are at once more equitable, can work simultaneously for pandemics and other disasters, and integrate social and infrastructural dimensions.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.