Residential Segregation, Health-Promoting Organizations, and Health Outcomes

居住在隔离社区的人通常病情更重，死亡更早。然而，这些糟糕的健康结果的原因还没有得到很好的理解。这项研究考察了社区隔离、健康促进组织的存在和居民健康结果之间的关系。卫生保健提供者、超市、健身房等健康促进组织在社区活力和居民健康福祉方面发挥着重要作用。这个项目追踪了这些类型的组织随着时间的推移在不同类型的城市地区的传播情况。这项研究还考察了健康促进组织的可用性如何影响家庭对卫生保健服务的使用和满意度。这项研究促进了对隔离和公共卫生之间关系的理解，为公共卫生和城市规划中的决策和干预提供了信息。这项由两部分组成的研究考察了：1)社区组织和服务提供者在城市社区的分布；以及2)这种分布如何影响居民的健康相关结果。首先，使用来自美国人口普查局和疾病控制中心(CDC)的受限微观数据，研究人员检查了1990至2020年间美国大都市地区促进健康的社区组织随时间的分布情况。纵向方法能够分析随着时间的推移，社区组成的变化与促进健康的组织数量之间的关系。其次，这项研究使用了来自全国儿童健康调查的限制性调查数据，并结合社区层面的背景数据，分析了家庭如何使用医疗保健服务，如何根据他们所在社区提供的服务来模式，以及这如何影响他们对医疗保健提供者和整体健康的满意度。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

People who live in segregated neighborhoods are often sicker and die younger. Yet, the reasons for these poor health outcomes are not well understood. This study examines the relationships among neighborhood segregation, the presence of health-promoting organizations, and the health outcomes of residents. Health care providers, supermarkets, gyms, and other health-promoting organizations play an important role in community vitality, and the health and well-being of residents. This project traces the spread of these types of organizations across different types of urban areas over time. The research also examines how the availability of health-promoting organizations affect families’ use of and satisfaction with health care services. The study advances understanding of the relationship between segregation and public health, informing decision-making and interventions in public health and city planning.This two-part study examines: 1) the distribution of community organizations and service providers across urban neighborhoods; and 2) how that distribution affects residents’ health-related outcomes. First, using restricted micro-data from the United States Census Bureau and Centers for Disease Control (CDC), researchers examine the distribution of health-promoting community organizations over time across neighborhoods in metropolitan areas in the U.S. from 1990 to 2020. A longitudinal approach enables analysis of how changes in neighborhood composition relate to the number of health-promoting organizations over time. Second, the study uses restricted survey data from the National Survey of Children’s Health paired with neighborhood-level contextual data to analyze how families use health care services, how that is patterned by what is available to them in their communities, and how this impacts satisfaction with their health provider and overall health.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.