Towards a Complete Understanding of Stellar Feedback in Massive Star Formation

安娜罗森被授予美国国家科学基金会天文学和天体物理学奖学金，在圣地亚哥的加州大学开展研究和教育计划。 罗森将对恒星反馈--注入星际介质的能量和动量--如何从辐射、恒星风、外流和宇宙射线影响大质量恒星和星星团的形成进行数值模拟。 这项研究的结果将使天文学家更好地了解反馈在星星形成和星系形成过程中的作用。 除了这项研究，罗森将围绕非传统和代表性不足的社区大学生开展教育和外展活动，为大学新生提供研究指导和专业发展，罗森将探索各种反馈机制如何在个体和星团尺度上限制大质量星星的形成通过执行一套辐射-磁流体动力学模拟，跟踪大质量星星团中单个大质量恒星的形成。 利用这些模拟，她将确定大质量星星形成所需的初始条件以及由此产生的HII区域的性质。 此外，通过将现实的尘埃物理学和各向异性宇宙射线扩散纳入新的建模框架，她将评估恒星反馈如何限制恒星质量，控制分子云中的星星形成速率，以及大尺度上的潜在蒸发气体。 她的研究结果将导致更好的反馈模型，将用于未来的宇宙学模拟和援助多波长observation.This奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得的支持，通过评估使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。

Anna Rosen is awarded an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Fellowship to carry out a program of research and education at the University of California, San Diego. Rosen will perform numerical simulations of how stellar feedback – the energy and momentum injected into the interstellar medium – from radiation, stellar winds, outflows, and cosmic rays affects the formation of massive stars and star clusters. Results from the study will allow astronomers to better understand the role of feedback in the processes of star formation and galaxy formation. Alongside this research, Rosen will conduct education and outreach activities centered around non-traditional and underrepresented community college students, providing research mentoring and professional development for incoming students at the University, and developing videos introducing computational astrophysics and scientific computing to community college students.Rosen will explore how various feedback mechanisms limit massive star formation on both the individual and cluster scales by performing a suite of radiation-magnetohydrodynamic simulations that follow the formation of individual massive stars within massive star clusters. Using these simulations, she will determine the initial conditions required for massive star formation and the properties of the resulting HII regions. Additionally, by including realistic dust physics and anisotropic cosmic ray diffusion into a new modeling framework, she will assess how stellar feedback limits stellar masses, controls star formation rates in molecular clouds, and potentially ejects gas over large scales. Her results will lead to better feedback models that will be used in future cosmological simulations and aid multi-wavelength observations.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.