Rapid response asteroid science from ZTF and LSST data

该团队将在全天空调查数据中识别罕见的小行星，重点关注两种极端行为。首先，他们将测量活跃小行星的出现率，以限制太阳系中存在的水量。其次，他们将识别自转周期很短或很长的小行星。这些观测将提供有关太阳系如何形成和演化的关键信息。该团队将使用机器学习技术广播实时异常值警报。他们还将更新太阳能系统产品数据库，以增加其对广大用户的价值。该小组将在最大限度地提高公众参与度的地点建造三个观测站。网站1将欢迎成千上万的公众游客在NAU的校园天文台。站点2将为弗拉格斯塔夫高中的数十名学生提供参与高端业余机器人望远镜建造的机会。地点3将在一个户外体验营地，是由每个六年级学生在弗拉格斯塔夫，亚利桑那州访问。这项工作将利用正在进行的Zwicky瞬态设施（ZTF）和即将到来的空间和时间遗产调查（LSST）的数据，由Vera C。鲁宾天文台。拟议的任务利用了该团队在太阳系通知警报处理系统（SNAPS）上的现有工作。这些结果将使研究小组能够探测太阳系形成时的条件。该团队将在ZTF和LSST数据流中识别不寻常的小行星。这些异常值将使他们能够通过使用这些罕见的事件作为重要的物理约束来完善他们对小行星和太阳系的形成和演化的理解。该团队将开发一个紧密集成的系统，接收警报并产生科学，包括使用机器人望远镜资源进行后续工作。这一新能力将最大限度地提高ZTF和LSST的小行星科学产量。重要的是，这包括快速处理异常值观察-异常和时间关键行为需要立即确认的对象。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The team will identify rare asteroids in all-sky survey data, focusing on two kinds of extreme behavior. First, they will measure the occurrence rate of active asteroids to constrain the amount of water present in the Solar System. Second, they will identify asteroids with very short or very long rotation periods. These observations will provide critical information about how the Solar System formed and evolved. The team will broadcast a real-time outlier alerts using machine learning techniques. They will also provide updates to the Solar System Products Database to increase its value to a wide range of users. The team will construct three observing stations in locations that will maximize public engagement. Site 1 will welcome thousands of general public visitors at NAU’s campus observatory. Site 2 will provide the opportunity for dozens of students at Flagstaff High School to participate in the construction of a high-end amateur robotic telescope. Site 3 will be at an outdoor experiential camp that is visited by every sixth grader in Flagstaff, Arizona. This work will utilize data from the ongoing Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) and the upcoming Legacy Survey through Space and Time (LSST) done by the Vera C. Rubin Observatory. The proposed tasks leverage the team’s existing work on the Solar System Notification Alert Processing System (SNAPS). The results will allow the team to probe the conditions present at the time of the Solar System’s formation. The team will identify unusual asteroids in the ZTF and LSST data streams. These outliers will allow them to refine their understanding of the formation and evolution of asteroids and the Solar System by using these rare events as important physical constraints. The team will develop a tightly integrated system that ingests alerts and produces science, including follow-up using robotic telescope resources. This new capability will maximize the asteroid science yield from ZTF and LSST. Critically, this includes rapid processing of outlier observations — objects where unusual and time-critical behaviors require immediate confirmation. This rapid response capability will be necessary for both ZTF and LSST.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.