Collaborative Research: HCC: MEDIUM: Understanding the Present and Designing the Future of Risk Prediction IT in Fire Departments

这项研究将开发和设计新的数据驱动的风险预测原则和管理（DDRPM）工具，预测和管理各种社区风险，消防部门越来越需要应对这些风险，包括医疗，消防和安全紧急情况。今天，他们的大部分工作都集中在社区风险降低（CRR）上，这是一种寻求在导致紧急情况之前减轻风险的范式。CRR范式将利用新的数据驱动的风险预测和管理（DDRPM）工具来预测和应对各种社区风险。然而，设计DDRPM工具来实现这一愿景需要深入了解当前的工作实践，以及这些工具对劳动力的潜在未来影响（例如，增加的数据工作），工作者（例如，自治性降低），以及社区（例如，加强对边缘化群体的监测）。了解社会技术工作实践的交叉点，以处理风险和数据驱动的计算工具的设计，需要基本的以人为本的计算研究。消防服务是个人，社区和社会的健康，安全和保障的关键;因此，这项研究是准备提供持久的，实际的好处。该项目将直接使研究地点及其所服务的人群受益，因为从人种学研究中得出的见解将传播给研究地点和参与者。该项目有多个目标：（1）全面的经验探索社区为导向的风险工作，由消防人员和他们的相关数据工作，（2）以人为本的设计过程的未来的DDRPM工具的发展，（3）共同设计投机DDRPM工具与消防部门，（4）开发风险工作的社会技术理论。它将分三个阶段实现这些目标。首先，它将记录目前的做法，以社区为重点的风险工作和社区数据资源，利用深入的人种学研究，在三个消防部门。民族志数据将被利用作为一个新的以人为本的设计过程的一部分，结合民族志，通过设计，参与式设计和投机设计的调查。其次，研究人员团队将与研究参与者合作，共同设计DDRPM的推测性原型。这种方法将填补研究和设计可持续数据驱动的风险处理工具方面的一个关键空白，使人们能够考虑DDRPM工具的设计对消防服务和社区未来工作实践的影响。第三，该团队将评估由此产生的推测性原型，以了解它们如何改变技术支持的消防服务社区风险工作的愿景。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。

This research will develop and design new data-driven risk prediction principles and management (DDRPM) tools that anticipate and manage a variety of community risks, which fire departments are increasingly required to respond to, including medical, fire, and safety emergencies. Today, much of their work focuses on community risk reduction (CRR), a paradigm that seeks to mitigate risks before they lead to emergencies in the first place. The CRR paradigm will leverage new data-driven risk prediction and management (DDRPM) tools to predict and respond to a variety of community risks. Yet, designing DDRPM tools to realize this vision requires deep understanding of current work practices, and the potential future impacts of such tools on labor (e.g., increased data work), workers (e.g., decreased autonomy), and communities (e.g., intensified surveillance of marginalized populations). Understanding the intersection of sociotechnical work practices for handling risks and the design of data-driven computational tools requires fundamental human-centered computing research. The fire service is key to the health, safety, and security of individuals, communities, and society; thus, this research is primed to provide lasting, practical benefits. This project will directly benefit the study sites and the populations they serve since insights drawn from ethnographic research will be disseminated to study sites and participants. This project has multiple goals: (1) comprehensive empirical exploration of community-oriented risk work performed by fire personnel and their associated data work, (2) development of a human-centered design process for the future of DDRPM tools, (3) co-designing speculative DDRPM tools with fire departments, and (4) developing a sociotechnical theory of risk work. It will achieve these goals in three phases. First, it will document current practices of community-focused risk work and community data resources using in-depth ethnographic research in three fire departments. The ethnographic data will be leveraged as part of a novel human-centered design process that combines ethnography, inquiry through design, participatory design, and speculative design. Second, the team of researchers will co-design speculative prototypes for DDRPM in partnership with the study participants. This methodological approach will fill a crucial gap in research and design of sustainable data-driven tools for risk handling by enabling consideration of impacts of design of DDRPM tools on future work practices in the fire service and on communities. Third, the team will evaluate the resulting speculative prototypes to understand how they shift visions of technologically-supported community risk work for the fire service. Both the design process and the co-designed prototypes will be disseminated to the fire service professional community.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.