Natural Hazards Engineering Research Infrastructure: Large, High-Performance Outdoor Shake Table 2022-2025

自然灾害工程研究基础设施（NHERI）由美国国家科学基金会（NSF）支持，作为一个分布式、多用户的国家设施，为自然灾害工程研究界提供研究基础设施，包括地震和风力工程实验设施、网络基础设施（CI）、计算建模和仿真工具、高性能计算资源和研究数据。以及教育和社区外展活动。NHERI最初由项目招标NSF 14-605和NSF 15-598资助，自2015年以来通过网络协调办公室，CI，计算建模和仿真中心以及实验设施（包括灾后快速反应研究设施）的独立但协调的五年研究基础设施奖运作。有关NHERI资源的信息可在NHERI门户网站（https://www.DesignSafe-ci.org）获得。授予NHERI的奖项有助于NSF在国家减少地震灾害计划（NEHRP）和国家减少风暴影响计划（NWIRP）中发挥作用。NHERI实验设施将为nsf支持的研究和教育奖励提供对其实验资源、用户服务和数据管理基础设施的访问。该合同将更新位于加州大学圣地亚哥分校的大型高性能室外振动台（LHPOST）实验设施的运行，以支持结构和岩土地震工程的研究。LHPOST最近通过NSF授予1840870升级为六自由度（6-DOF）能力（LHPOST6），可以重现由大地震引起的地面运动，包括地面的三次平移和三次旋转。振动台可以支持测试结构，没有高度限制，重量可达440万磅（20兆牛顿）。建设具有抗震能力和可持续发展的社区需要了解和可靠地预测建筑物、关键设施、公用事业、生命线和其他民用基础设施系统的地震系统级响应。在LHPOST6上进行的实验研究，以及利用从振动台测试中收集的数据集进行的计算模型，将推动地震工程的科学、技术和实践，从而产生下一代设计规范和决策工具，从而提高建筑环境的抗震能力和可持续性。在该设施进行的实验将通过为来自不同背景的研究生，本科生和K-12学生提供结构，岩土工程和土壤基础结构系统的真实大小的抗震性能演示，并将教育公众关于国家努力开发有效技术和政策以防止自然灾害成为社会灾难的紧迫性。这些研究活动将培养下一代研究人员、教育工作者和实践者，他们将成为未来减轻自然灾害的领导者。积极的外展计划将包括年度用户培训和产学研研讨会、本科生研究体验、传统和社会媒体活动、设备用户网络研讨会以及计算挑战竞赛。LHPOST6设施将通过实现大型/全规模系统测试来改变减轻自然灾害的研究，这些测试将：(a)为了解地震期间从破坏开始到崩溃开始的整个系统行为提供基本知识，包括土壤-基础-结构相互作用的影响、横向和重力抵抗载荷系统的贡献以及非结构系统；(b)为高保真物理计算模型的开发、校准和验证提供数据，从而减少未来对物理测试的依赖；(c)提供数据和脆弱性信息，这些数据和脆弱性信息将通过经过验证的模拟工具，使基于性能的设计能够充分实现，这是评估和减少自然灾害对社区的风险的最合理/科学的方法；(d)为创新的结构系统和改造方法，以及用于防震的新材料、组件和制造/建造方法提供验证试验；(e)允许对近地表岩土系统进行全尺寸建模，并探索无法在实验室规模上探索的岩土现象和土壤改良技术。LHPOST6将使研究人员能够研究实际近场平移和旋转地震地面运动对密集仪器化的大型/全尺寸结构、岩土或土壤-基础-结构系统的综合影响，包括运动学和惯性土壤-基础-结构相互作用、非线性土壤和结构响应、液化和地震压缩的影响。该设施测试产生的实验数据将存档并在NHERI数据仓库（https://www.DesignSafe-ci.org）.This)中公开提供，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，认为值得支持。

The Natural Hazards Engineering Research Infrastructure (NHERI) is supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) as a distributed, multi-user national facility to provide the natural hazards engineering research community with access to research infrastructure that includes earthquake and wind engineering experimental facilities, cyberinfrastructure (CI), computational modeling and simulation tools, high performance computing resources, and research data, as well as education and community outreach activities. Originally funded under program solicitations NSF 14-605 and NSF 15-598, NHERI has operated since 2015 through separate, but coordinated, five-year research infrastructure awards for a Network Coordination Office, CI, Computational Modeling and Simulation Center, and Experimental Facilities, including a post-disaster, rapid response research facility. Information about NHERI resources is available at the NHERI web portal (https://www.DesignSafe-ci.org). Awards made for NHERI contribute to NSF's role in the National Earthquake Hazards Reduction Program (NEHRP) and the National Windstorm Impact Reduction Program (NWIRP). NHERI Experimental Facilities will provide access to their experimental resources, user services, and data management infrastructure for NSF-supported research and education awards. This award will renew the operations of the large high-performance outdoor shake table (LHPOST) Experimental Facility located at the University of California, San Diego, to support research in structural and geotechnical earthquake engineering. The LHPOST was recently upgraded through NSF award 1840870 to six degrees-of-freedom (6-DOF) capabilities (LHPOST6) and can reproduce the surface ground motions resulting from major earthquakes, including the three translations and three rotations of the ground surface. The shake table can support test structures with no height limitations and weighing up to 4.4 million pounds (20 meganewton). Building seismic-resilient and sustainable communities requires understanding and reliably predicting the seismic system-level response of buildings, critical facilities, utilities, lifelines, and other civil infrastructure systems. The experimental research conducted on the LHPOST6, together with computational models making use of the datasets collected from shake table tests, will advance the science, technology, and practice in earthquake engineering, leading to next-generation design codes and decision-making tools that will increase the seismic resilience and sustainability of the built environment. Experiments performed at this facility will have a significant educational impact by providing life-size demonstrations of the seismic performance of structural, geotechnical, and soil-foundation-structural systems to graduate, undergraduate, and K-12 students from diverse backgrounds, and will also educate the public about the urgency of the nation’s efforts to develop effective technologies and policies to prevent natural hazards from becoming societal disasters. The research activities will train next-generation researchers, educators, and practitioners, who will be future leaders in natural hazard mitigation. An active outreach program will include annual user training and industry-academia workshops, Research Experiences for Undergraduates, traditional and social media campaigns, webinars from users of the facility, and computational challenges competitions.The LHPOST6 facility will transform natural hazard mitigation research by enabling large/full-scale system tests that will: (a) provide fundamental knowledge for understanding complete system behavior during earthquakes, from initiation of damage to the onset of collapse, including the effects of soil-foundation-structure interaction, the contributions of lateral and gravity load-resisting systems, and non-structural systems; (b) provide data for the development, calibration, and validation of high-fidelity physics-based computational models, therefore reducing future reliance on physical testing; (c) provide data and fragility information, which with validated simulation tools, will enable the full realization of performance-based design, the most rational/scientific way to evaluate and reduce the risks of natural hazards on the community; (d) provide validation tests for innovative structural systems and retrofit methods, as well as new materials, components, and manufacturing/construction methods for seismic protection; and (e) permit full-scale modeling of near-surface geotechnical systems and exploration of geotechnical phenomena and soil improvement techniques that cannot be explored at laboratory scale. The LHPOST6 will enable researchers to investigate the combined effect of realistic near-field translational and rotational earthquake ground motions on densely instrumented large/full-scale structural, geotechnical, or soil-foundation-structural systems, including the effects of kinematic and inertial soil-foundation-structural interaction, nonlinear soil and structural response, liquefaction, and seismic compression. Experimental data produced by the testing at this facility will be archived and made publicly available in the NHERI Data Depot (https://www.DesignSafe-ci.org).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.