Electrochemical Synthesis of Noble Metal Functional Metarials from Ionic Liquids

该项目将阐明电化学方法在制备新的功能化合物和贵金属银、金、钯和铂的形态定义的沉积物方面的潜力。离子液体的独特性质将被用于合成，特别是它们对还原和氧化具有显著的稳定性。应遵循三种不同的反应路径。一方面，这是贵金属化合物直接沉积在贵金属电极表面。这条路线特别适用于氟化物和氧化物的制备。另一方面，贵金属电极应该通过阳极氧化来溶解，得到的溶液应该用于后续的反应。该路线应主要用于制备硫化物和含氧阴离子化合物。这两种方法都允许通过改变电化学参数来确定地调整其化合物中贵金属的氧化状态。这是经典化学路线所不能提供的选择。第三个反应途径是从离子液体中沉积出形状明确的贵金属，例如纳米颗粒或细纤维。所有获得的化合物和沉积物都将从结构、形态和物理性质方面进行全面表征。然后，所确定的性质将导致各种功能，例如作为电子材料或前体。对电极反应的详细研究，特别是对相关动力学的研究，将为制备条件的优化提供进一步的知识。

This project will elucidate the potential of electrochemical methods for the preparation of novel functional compounds and morphologically defined deposits of the noble metals silver, gold, palladium, and platinum. For the syntheses the unique properties of ionic liquids will be used, especially their pronounced stability against reduction and oxidation. Three different reaction pathways shall be followed. On one hand this is the deposition of noble metal compounds directly on the surface of a noble metal electrode. This route should be used especially for the preparation of fluorides and oxides. On the other hand noble metal electrodes should be dissolved by anodic oxidation and the obtained solutions should be used in subsequent reactions. This route shall be used predominately for the preparation of sulfides and oxoanionic compounds. Both routes allow for a defined adjustment of the oxidation states of the noble metals in their compounds by variation of the electrochemical parameters. This is an option that cannot be provided by classical chemical routes. The third reaction pathway is the deposition of noble metals from an ionic liquid in a well-defined shape, e.g. as nanoparticles or thin fibers. All of the obtained compounds and deposits will be comprehensively characterized with respect to their structure, their morphology, and their physical properties. The determined properties will then lead to various functions, e.g. as electronic materials or precursors. A detailed study of the electrode reactions, especially the involved kinetics will provide further knowledge for the optimization of preparative conditions.