Modelling the initial structural dynamics of soil and sediment exemplified for a constructed hydrological catchment

水文流域沉积物的初始空间分布是生态系统发展的起点。生态水文自组织分析需要对沉积物和土壤中的结构和空间异质性进行定量描述。在初始发育时期，原始沉积构造主要受迁移作用的改变，从而将初始体系细分为不同的构造隔室。目前尚不清楚未来生态系统和水文流域的发展路径在多大程度上取决于这些新出现的结构和隔室的初始空间设置。在以前的工作中，已经开发了一个基于过程的结构生成器，用于集水区内初始沉积物分布的3D建模。该项目的目标是开发一种地质土壤学建模方法，用于考虑形成过程和3D固体质量平衡的水文集水区空间和结构异质性的产生。为此，我们希望进一步发展现有的初始结构模型作为一个综合工具，以便(i)分析依赖于初始结构的时空发展动态，以及（ii）将模拟的结构发展与（观察到的）水文行为联系起来。人工创建的水文集水区h<s:1> hnerwasser（德国勃兰登堡下卢萨蒂亚）将用于模型开发，因为有广泛的监测数据。为了描述最初的发展，已经建立的构造生成模型将用于模拟侵蚀和沉积构造、地壳和植被。这些模型之间的参数交换将通过一个专门的软件接口（OpenMI）来完成。这种遗传方法应该允许在多种情况下以机械的、基于过程的方式产生可行的沉积物分布和固相结构。土壤水力参数的三维分布将利用自适应土壤传递函数从生成的泥沙特性估计。将通过比较模型结果和测量的流量来评估结构发展对集水区水文行为的影响。通过比较不同生成的三维泥沙分布情景，分析空间结构变化对流动行为的影响。通过从模型数据中确定可推广的生态水文区（过程域），结果可以转移到类似的环境中（例如，采矿后和冰川后的景观）。

The initial spatial distribution of sediments in a hydrological catchment forms a starting point for ecosystem development. Analysis of eco-hydrological self-organisation require quantitative descriptions of structures and spatial heterogeneities in the sediment and in the soil. During the initial development period, the primary sediment structures are altered mainly by translocation processes, thereby subdividing the initial system in different structural compartments. It is currently unclear to what extent the future development pathway of the ecosystem and hydrological catchment depends on the initial spatial setup of such newly-emerging structures and compartments. In previous work, a process-based structure generator has been developed for the 3D modelling of initial sediment distributions within the catchment. The objective of this project is the development of a geo-pedologic modelling approach for the generation of spatial and structural heterogeneity in hydrological catchments considering formation processes and 3D solid mass balances. For this purpose, we want to further develop the existing initial structure model as an integrative tool in order to (i) analyse the spatio-temporal development dynamics depending on initial structures, and (ii) relate the simulated structural development to the (observed) hydrological behaviour. The artificially-created hydrological catchment Hühnerwasser (Lower Lusatia, Brandenburg, Germany) will serve for the model development because of the extensive monitoring data. For the description of the initial development, already established structure-generating models will be used for the simulation of erosion and deposition structures, crusts and vegetation. The parameter exchange between these models will be carried out by a special software interface (OpenMI). This genetic approach should allow for a mechanistic, process-based generation of viable sediment distribution and solid-phase structures in multiple scenarios. The 3D distributions of soil hydraulic parameter will be estimated from generated sediment properties using adapted pedotransfer functions. The impact of the structural development on the hydrological behaviour of the catchment will be evaluated by comparing model results with measured discharges. By comparing scenarios with different generated 3D sediment distributions, the impact of changing spatial structures on flow behaviour will be analysed. By identifying generalizable eco-hydrological compartments (Process Domains) from model data, results may be transferred to similar environments (e.g. post-mining and post-glacial landscapes).