AccelNet-Implementation: SZNet - A Coordinated Global Effort to Understand Subduction Geohazards

我们对地震、海啸、火山喷发和山体滑坡背后的根本驱动因素的了解有限，阻碍了我们预测这些全球重大灾害的能力。俯冲带提供了在地质事件产生一些最大风险的地点同时系统地调查多种灾害的机会。此外，俯冲带的几何形状允许进行控制异常良好的自然实验，这些实验可以用来分离和研究驱动地质灾害的关键因素。俯冲带的研究本质上是一项国际事业，因为：(1)跨地区的比较允许对构造、火山和景观系统的控制因素有更深入的了解。(2)大型地质灾害本质上是罕见的事件，需要在全球范围内采取综合方法，以确保系统地进行正确的观测。目前，国际上正在对俯冲带地质灾害进行大量投资。拉丁美洲、欧洲、北美洲、大洋洲和亚洲的活跃网络目前正在寻求互补的科学议程，并建立大规模部署。活动之间需要协调，以确保从这些努力中获得最大的科学成果。SZNet将结合覆盖五大洲的14个网络，特别强调改善智利的观测，智利拥有世界上地质最活跃、最容易到达的俯冲带之一。海上和近海的多个项目正在努力建立研究这一示范系统所需的大规模数据收集和研究工作，需要进行协调，以优化本地和全球的科学产出。SZNet的目标是发展一个有三个任务的智力社区：1.将全球俯冲带的观测与共同的数据集和理解进行比较，2.合作一致地测量能够提供关键和可转移洞察力的关键俯冲带，以及3。培养和培养一支具备必要突破能力的国际化、多样化的早期职业科学家队伍。这些任务将通过讲习班、网络研讨会、数据交流、实地学校、试点项目和学生交流等方式予以支持。我们预计，这些活动将允许以组合方式进行观测，以实现地理覆盖，既创建必要的基线数据，又最大限度地增加捕捉地震、火山喷发和山体滑坡的机会。此外，思想交流将使合作伙伴网络受益，同时促进协调部署和研究战略。了解地质灾害对环太平洋和世界其他俯冲带的居民具有直接的社会意义。缺乏对何时何地可能发生有影响的地震、喷发和山体滑坡的基本控制的了解，是集中资源和缓解努力的主要障碍。通过国际网络发展这种理解将通过任务1和任务2将每个俯冲带不同专家的不同经验和专业知识联系起来，以提供一个统一的框架。任务3将通过支持国际早期职业科学家的实地学校、试点项目和学生交换计划来扩大地球科学界。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Our limited understanding of the fundamental drivers behind earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions, and landslides hinders our ability to anticipate these globally significant hazards. Subduction zones provide the opportunity to systematically investigate multiple hazards simultaneously in locations that generate some of the largest risk from geological events. In addition, the geometry of subduction zones permits unusually well-controlled natural experiments that can be used to isolate and study key factors driving geohazards. The study of subduction zones is intrinsically an international enterprise because: (1) Comparison across regions allows for insights about the controlling factors of the tectonic, volcanic and landscape systems. (2) Large geohazards are inherently rare events that require a portfolio approach globally to guarantee the correct observations are made systematically. Significant investments in subduction zone geohazards are now being made internationally. Active networks in Latin America, Europe, North America, Oceania and Asia are currently pursuing complementary science agendas and building large-scale deployments. Coordination between activities is needed to ensure that the maximum science is obtained from these efforts. SZNet would combine 14 networks across 5 continents with a particular emphasis on improving observations in Chile, which hosts one of the world’s most geologically active and accessible subduction zones. Multiple projects on and offshore are working to establish the large-scale data collection and research effort required to study this exemplary system and coordination is needed to optimize the scientific output both here and globally. The goal of SZNet is to develop an intellectual community with three missions:1. to compare observations of subduction zones around the globe with a common dataset and understanding,2. to cooperate to consistently instrument critical subduction zones that can provide key and transferrable insights, and3. to develop and nurture an international and diverse cadre of early career scientists that is equipped to make the necessary breakthroughs.These missions will be supported through a combination of workshops, webinars, data exchanges, field schools, pilot projects and student exchanges. We anticipate that these activities will allow a portfolio approach to observations to enable geographical coverage that will both create the necessary baseline data and maximize the chances of capturing earthquakes, volcanic eruptions and landslides. In addition, the exchange of ideas will benefit partner networks while stimulating coordinated deployment and research strategies. Understanding geohazards has direct societal significance for the inhabitants of the Pacific Rim and other subduction zones around the world. The lack of understanding of the fundamental controls on when and where impactful earthquakes, eruptions and landslides can happen is a major impediment to focussing resources and mitigation efforts. Developing this understanding through an international network would connect the disparate experiences and expertise of experts in each subduction zone to provide a unified framework through missions 1 and 2. Mission 3 would broaden the geoscience community by supporting international early career scientists with a program of field schools, pilot projects and student exchanges.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.