Pedestrian level urban outdoor heat exposure modeling and mapping

许多城市正在经历更频繁和更强烈的极端高温事件，这对公共卫生构成了越来越严重的危害。但是，城市内部的城市热量存在相当大的差异，导致不同人群受到不同的极端热量影响。城市内部的热暴露因多种因素而异，包括建筑物高度，树冠覆盖和表面特征。该项目使用城市小气候建模和地理空间技术，以1米的空间分辨率和行人水平来估计和绘制城市热量分布。基于热分布的超局部变化，该项目进一步评估了从家步行到附近目的地（包括公园，游乐场和公共交通站）的行人的日常热暴露。该项目详细了解了城市热如何影响人们的日常生活。这项研究还评估了极端天气对热暴露的影响，同时考虑到社区的社会经济特征。该项目帮助城市规划者和市政府制定计划，以提高气候适应能力。该项目开发的高分辨率城市热量数据通过公共网站传播，以使公共卫生研究人员和城市环境规划人员受益。城市正在经历更频繁和更强烈的极端高温事件，这是一个日益重要的公共卫生危害。了解热量的空间分布和时间变化对于了解导致极端热暴露的条件至关重要。该项目应用地理空间数据分析、城市小气候建模、并行地理计算和全国可用的高分辨率地理空间数据集来建模和绘制城市户外热暴露地图。高分辨率热暴露地图提供了对城市户外热暴露分布的新理解。该项目还估计了连接不同起点-目的地点的路线的热暴露。研究人员检查了不同社区不同社会经济群体之间户外热暴露的空间分布，以确定特别危险的人群。该项目开发数据产品和分析，为使用数据门户和基于网络的地理可视化缓解和适应城市极端高温的战略提供信息。该项目的成果有助于城市规划者和市政府制定计划，以提高气候适应能力。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Many cities are experiencing more frequent and more intense extreme heat events presenting an increasingly important public health hazard. But there is considerable variability of urban heat within cities resulting in disparate extreme heat impacts on different populations. Intra-city heat exposure varies as a function of multiple factors including building heights, tree canopy cover and surface characteristics. This project uses urban microclimate modeling and geospatial technologies to estimate and map the urban heat distribution at a spatial resolution of 1m and at the pedestrian level. Based on the hyperlocal variability of heat distribution, this project further evaluates the daily heat exposure of pedestrians walking from home to nearby destinations including parks, playgrounds, and public transit stations. This project provides a detailed understanding of how urban heat impacts people’s daily lives. This research also evaluates the impact of extreme weather on the heat exposure taking into consideration the socio-economic characteristics across neighborhoods. This project helps urban planners and city governments to develop plans to enhance climate resilience. High-resolution urban heat data developed by the project is disseminated through public websites to benefit public health researchers and urban environmental planning.Cities are experiencing more frequent and more intense extreme heat events which are an increasingly important public health hazard. Knowing the spatial distribution and the temporal variation of heat is of critical importance to understand the conditions that result in extreme heat exposure. The project applies geospatial data analytics, urban microclimate modeling, parallel geocomputing, and nationally available high-resolution geospatial datasets to model and map urban outdoor heat exposure. High-resolution heat exposure maps provide new understanding of the distribution of outdoor heat exposure across cities. This project also estimates heat exposure for routes connecting different origin-destination points. Researchers examine the spatial distribution of outdoor heat exposure among different socio-economic groups across neighborhoods to identify populations particularly at risk. This project develops data products and analysis to inform strategies to mitigate and adapt to the extreme heat in cities using a data portal and web-based geovisualization. The outcomes of this project help urban planners and city governments to develop plans to enhance climate resilience.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.