CAREER: A Cyberinfrastructure Enabled Hybrid Spatial Decision Support System for Improving Coastal Resilience to Flood Risks

全球变暖的影响，包括海平面上升和极端天气事件，正在导致洪水易发地区扩大，灾害风险增加。与水有关的灾害，特别是洪水，对人类生命、财产和环境构成重大和多方面的威胁。洪水管理的决策是具有挑战性的，由于紧急和复杂的响应者的情况。例如，洪水情况往往涉及迅速变化的条件和不确定性。决策通常是通过调查与决策目标密切相关的问题及其基于不同地球物理，社会经济和人口条件的相关评估标准来实现的。通过提高地理空间大数据意识和不断增长的计算能力，洪水管理逐渐增强，以了解情况，支持及时决策。该CAREER项目建立了一个由先进的网络基础设施和地理空间人工智能驱动的混合空间决策支持系统，以更好地了解沿海地区与水有关的灾害。这一决策支持系统将加强公民与应急管理组织之间的沟通，并为当地社区以及缺乏救灾所需的通常社会安全网的社会群体（如少数群体、低收入者和残疾人）提供灾害决策支持。协同教育和外联活动为研究人员以及大学和高中学生提供了关于地理空间高性能计算和地理空间灾害科学的学习机会，以通过大学课程和多层次、高水平的培训，扩大代表性不足的学生对计算的参与。这个CAREER项目建立了一个混合空间决策支持系统，该系统集成了可扩展的地理空间数据和可视化工具将其转化为一个网络基础设施支持的框架，以支持洪水管理决策。该项目还建立了一个科学路线图，利用先进的网络基础设施，地理空间人工智能和教育活动来推进灾害决策科学，以教育社区更好地为洪水灾害做好准备。在混合空间决策支持系统中，一个基于网络基础设施的高性能界面加速了与灾害相关的网络通用数据表（NetCDF）数据的阅读和可视化。另一项创新是将数据驱动的方法与专家驱动的决策分析相结合，以实现更准确，全面和透明的洪水风险评估，弥合数字世界和人类对风险感知之间的差距。社区参与活动和使用启发的研究被用来评估在洪水风险预测中使用地理空间人工智能和决策模型的信任度和透明度。最后，该项目将研究成果融入教育课程和活动，让学生和研究人员参与灾害管理研究的高性能计算思维。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

The effects of global warming, including sea level rise and extreme weather events, are leading to an expansion of flood-prone areas and increasing disaster risks. Water-related hazards, particularly flooding, pose a significant and multifaceted threat to human life, property, and the environment. Decision-making in flood management is challenging due to the urgency and complexity of the responders' situations. For example, flood situations often involve rapidly changing conditions and uncertainties. A decision is usually achieved through an inquiry into questions closely tied to decision objectives and their associated evaluation criteria based on diverse geophysical, socioeconomic, and demographic conditions. Flood management is gradually empowered by increasing geospatial big-data awareness and growing computing capabilities to produce situational understanding for supporting timely decisions. This CAREER project builds a Hybrid Spatial Decision Support System powered by advanced cyberinfrastructure and geospatial artificial intelligence to better understand water-related hazards in coastal regions. This decision support system will enhance the communication between citizens and emergency management organizations and provide disaster decision support to local communities as well as to those social groups that lack the usual social safety nets necessary in disaster response, such as minority groups, people with low incomes, and physically challenged people. The synergistic education and outreach activities offer learning opportunities about geospatial high-performance computing and geospatial disaster science to researchers and university and high school students to broaden the participation of underrepresented students in computing through university courses and multi-level and high-school education programs.This CAREER project builds a Hybrid Spatial Decision Support System that integrates scalable geospatial data and visualization tools into a cyberinfrastructure-enabled framework to support decision-making in flood management. This project also establishes a scientific roadmap to advance disaster decision science using advanced cyberinfrastructure, geospatial artificial intelligence, and education activities to educate communities to better prepare for flood hazards. In the Hybrid Spatial Decision Support System, a high-performance cyberinfrastructure-based interface accelerates reading and visualizing disaster-related Network Common Data Form (NetCDF) data. Another innovation is to combine the data-driven approach with expert-driven decision analysis to enable a more accurate, comprehensive, and transparent flood risk assessment that bridges the gap between the digital world and human perception of risk. Community engagement activities and use-inspired research are used to evaluate the level of trust and transparency of using geospatial artificial intelligence and decision-making models in flood risk prediction. Finally, the project integrates research outcomes into educational curricula and activities to engage students and researchers in high-performance computational thinking for disaster management research.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.