Anthology on the 'Discernment of Spirits'. 'Probate spiritus'-Compilation and Treatises - Edition and Commentary

该项目的目的是一个重要的白话文本的评论版“辨别精神”（分立精神）。“辨别灵魂”是中世纪晚期宗教文学中最热烈和广泛讨论的主题之一。它在13世纪到15世纪的神秘主义语境中扮演着重要的角色，因为每一次身体和精神上的努力都需要持续的外部和个人控制，以避免大自然或魔鬼的欺骗。因此，关于辨别的文本是“道德心理学”的文件，特别是在德国宗教文学领域，仍然需要研究。从对标准“精神”——上帝、天使、魔鬼和自然——的不同强调和定义，以及从不同的辨别标准，可以审视精神、神学和人类学话语中的转变过程。翻译成白话是这些转变过程的重要组成部分，在整个中世纪晚期，神学讨论向更广泛的公众和外行的教理讲授打开了大门。将被编辑的关于辨别的文本是这些转换的范例。它们大多以拉丁文文本为基础，这些文本不仅被“翻译”，而且根据其内容和形式进行修订，与其他文本相结合，并根据当代神学讨论加以实现。同时，这些文本是关于辨析的文本的代表，它们保留了学术和学术的意图，同时使辨析的方法适应外行读者。“遗嘱精神”汇编是基于弗里马尔的海因里希的有影响力的“四分之一本能”。论文《论辨别真假虔诚》（On辨别真假虔诚）使用了《遗嘱精神》（Probate spiritus）的一个主题——自我造成的精神甜蜜与真正接近上帝的混淆——并独立地重新创作，追溯到托马斯·阿奎那（Thomas Aquinas）的权威。由于这两个文本经常在同一手稿中传播，因此联合版本是可取的。其他的论文也经常与Friemar的论文的翻译或改编有关。印刷版应辅以手稿转录的数字呈现。

Aim of the project is a commented edition of important vernacular texts on the 'Discernment of spirits' (Discretio spirituum). The 'Discernment of spirits' is one of the most ardent and largely discussed themes of late-medieval religious literature. It plays an important role in mystical contexts of the 13th through 15th century, because every physical and mental effort to approach God needs a continuous external and personal control to avoid deceit by nature or the devil. Texts on the discernment are thereby documents of a 'moralic psychology', which especially in the realms of German religious literature still needs research. From the different emphasis and definition of the standard 'spirits' God, angels, devil and nature, and from the varying criteria of discernment, transformation processes in spiritual, theological and anthropological discourses can be scrutinized. Translation into the vernacular are an important part of these transformation processes, which opened, throughout the late Middle Ages, theological discussions to a broader public and the catechesis of laymen. The texts on discernment which shall be edited are exemplary for these transformations. Most of them are based on latin texts, which are not 'only' translated, but revised according to their content and form, combined with other texts and actualised according to contemporary theological discussions. At the same time, these texts are representative for texts on discernment, which preserve the academical and scholastic intent while adapting the methods of discernment to the layman reader. The 'Probate spiritus'-compilation is based on the influential 'De quattuor instinctibus' by Heinrich of Friemar. The treatise 'Von Unterscheidung wahrer und falscher Andacht' ('On discerning true and false devotion') uses a theme from the 'Probate spiritus'-compilation - the confusion of self-inflicted mental sweetness and true nearness to God - and reworks it independently, going back to the authority of Thomas Aquinas. As these two texts are oftentimes transmitted in the same manuscripts, a joint edition is advisable. The other treatises are also oftentimes connected with translations or adaptations of the treatise by Friemar. The printed edition shall be supplemented with a digital presentation of the manuscript transcriptions.