Fabrication of titanium foams by calciothermic reduction (Calciofoam)

泡沫钛在各种应用中具有很大的意义。该项目的目标是使用钙热低温还原制备的细钛粉来增强所研究的泡沫钛的性能。该项目的一个重点是使用空间保持器方法制备大孔钛泡沫。另一个重点是制备用于催化和储能应用的微和纳米多孔钛泡沫，如超级电容器。大孔泡沫钛（60-80体积%）由于增强的骨附着和优异的生物相容性，对于生物医学应用具有极大的兴趣。此外，骨和植入物材料的杨氏模量之间的不匹配可以通过防止植入物松动的多孔性来减少。为了保证具有足够的机械强度，这些大孔泡沫材料是由我们在前一个项目的框架下通过钙热还原法合成的细TiH 2粉末制备的。这些小颗粒导致具有高机械强度的极细晶粒钛结构。该项目的第二个目标是制备微和纳米多孔泡沫制备的FeTi试样的去合金化。这些样品是由钙热还原的FeTiO 3粉末制备的，然后压制并烧结。脱合金过程将在热乙酸中进行。钛泡沫自然被薄钝化层覆盖，这是催化和超级电容器应用的功能部分。TiO 2纳米颗粒是用于水净化的重要催化剂，但是为了技术方便，期望颗粒的支架，这可以通过这些高表面积泡沫来解决。对粉末和泡沫进行结构和化学表征，以将其与其机械和功能特性相关联。

Titanium foams are of great interest for a variety of applications. The goal of the project are enhanced properties of the studied titanium foams using fine titanium powders prepared by calciothermic low temperature reduction. One focus of the project is the preparation of macroporous titanium foams using the space holder method. The other focus is the preparation of micro- and nanoporous titanium foams for catalytic and energy storage applications as for supercapacitors. Macroporous titanium foams (60-80 vol.%) are of great interest for biomedical applications due to the enhanced bone attachment and excellent biocompatibility. Additionally, the mismatch between Young’s modulus of bone and implant material can be reduced by the porosity which prevents implant loosing. In order to guarantee sufficient mechanical strength those macroporous foams are fabricated with fine TiH2 powders synthesized in the frame of our former project by calciothermic reduction. Those small particles result in an extremely fine-grained titanium structure with high mechanical strength. The second goal of this project is the preparation of micro- and nanoporous foams prepared by dealloying of FeTi-specimens. Those specimens are prepared from calciothermically reduced FeTiO3 powder which are pressed and sintered afterwards. The dealloying procedure will be carried out in hot acetic acid. The titanium foams are naturally covered by a thin passivation layer which is the functional part for catalytic as well as supercapacitor applications. TiO2 nanoparticles are important catalysts for purification of water but for technical convenience a scaffold for the particles is aspired which could be solved by these high surface area foams. Structural and chemical characterization of powders and foams are carried out in order to correlate them with their mechanical and functional properties.